子囊菌门赤壳科指赤壳属(Dactylonectria)真菌引起云南地区苹果根腐病初报  

Preliminary report of apple root rot caused by Dactylonectria in Yunnan Province

作　　者：毕潮龙 莫艳芳 普特 施竹凤 裴卫华[2] 吴德喜[1] 陈齐斌[1] 杨佩文[2] BI Chaolong;MO Yanfang;PU Te;SHI Zhufeng;PEI Weihua;WU Dexi;CHEN Qibin;YANG Peiwen(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan,650201,China;Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan,650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明650201 [2]云南省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,昆明652025

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2025年第1期127-131,137,共6页South China Fruits

基　　金：云南省科技计划重大科技专项(202202AE090029);云南省“兴滇英才”支持计划(XDYC CYCX-2022-0071)资助。

摘　　要：云南苹果主产区根腐病发生为害严重,病原真菌种类复杂。为明确其病原真菌种类及分布,以及是否有新病原的存在,在云南苹果主产区进行病样采集,运用组织分离法获取病原菌,通过科赫法则验证致病性;通过形态学鉴定初步确定病原菌生物学分类地位,进一步基于Internal Transcribed Spacer(ITS)、β-tubulin(β-tub)和histone H3(HIS3)多位点基因序列联合建进化树的方法进行分子生物学鉴定。从昆明市富民县、丽江市古城区和宁蒗县分离得到3株真菌,致病性测定结果表明3株真菌均能使苹果根部出现腐烂症状。形态学结合分子生物学将其鉴定为指赤壳属(Dactylonectria)的D.macrodidyma、D.estremocensis和D.torresensis。这是病原D.macrodidyma和D.estremocensis引起苹果根腐病的首次报道。研究结果为病害的发生流行监测和综合防治技术制定提供了依据。The root rot of apple in main apple production area of Yunnan is serious,and the species of pathogenic fungi are complex.In order to clarify the species and distribution of pathogenic fungi and whether there are new pathogens,the diseased samples were collected from the main apple producing areas of Yunnan,and the pathogens were isolated by tissue separation method,and the pathogenicity was verified by Koch's rule.The biological taxonomic status of the pathogen was preliminarily determined by morphological identification,and the molecular biological identification was further carried out based on the internal transcribed spacer,β-tubulin and histone H3 multi-locus sequence analysis.Three strains of fungi were isolated from Fumin County of Kunming City,Gucheng District and Ninglang County of Lijiang City.The results of pathogenicity test showed that all three strains of fungi could cause rot symptoms in apple roots,and were identified as Dactylonectria macrodidyma,D.estremocensis and D.torresensis by morphology and molecular biology.This is the first report of apple root rot caused by D.macrodidyma and D.estremocensis.The results provide a basis for formulation of the technology of the occurrence and epidemic monitoring and the comprehensive prevention and control of this disease.

关 键 词：苹果根腐病 Dactylonectria macrodidyma Dactylonectria estremocensis Dactylonectria torresensis ITS β-TUB HIS3 

分 类 号：S436.611.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]