不同矮化自根砧对富士苹果生长特性及果实品质的影响  

Effects of different dwarfing self-rooted rootstocks on the growth characteristics and fruit quality of Fuji apples

作　　者：韩立新 刘俊灵 李红光 瞿振芳 郝贝贝 薛嫚娜 HAN Lixin;LIU Junling;LI Hongguang;QU Zhenfang;HAO Beibei;XUE Manna(Sanmenxia Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sanmenxia,Henan,472000,China;Henan Apple Cultivation Engineering Technology Research Center,Sanmenxia,Henan,472000,China;People s Government of Xiyan Township of Lingbao,Lingbao,Henan,472500,China)

机构地区：[1]三门峡市农业科学研究院,河南三门峡472000 [2]河南省苹果栽培工程技术研究中心,河南三门峡472000 [3]河南省灵宝市西阎乡人民政府,河南灵宝472500

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2025年第1期138-142,共5页South China Fruits

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-27)资助。

摘　　要：以4个砧穗组合的RAUK富士苹果(Malus domestica Borkh.RAUK Fuji)为试材,研究不同矮化自根砧对RAUK富士苹果树体长势、枝类结构组成、产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明,M7和Pajam2自根砧果树株高和干径增长率明显高于T337和MM106。M7和MM106的长枝比例显著高于T337和Pajam2,T337和Pajam2的短枝比例显著大于M7和MM106。T337和Pajam2砧木的苹果产量高于其他2个组合。Pajam2和MM106果皮的L^(*)值高于其他2个组合,MM106和M7的果实可滴定酸高于其他2个组合。运用隶属函数法进行综合评价,得出4个砧穗组合在树体长势、枝类构成和果实品质等方面的排序是MM106>Pajam2>M7>T337。在豫西地区,以MM106和Pajam2为自根砧嫁接富士较好,可考虑将2种砧木作为当地苹果矮化栽培重点推广。Four rootstock-scion combinations of RAUK Fuji apple(Malus domestica Borkh.RAUK Fuji)were used as test materials.The effects of different dwarfing self-rooted rootstocks on tree growth,branch structure,fruit yield and fruit quality of Fuji apple were studied.The results showed that the growth rates of tree height and trunk diameter of M7 and Pajam2 were significantly higher than those of T337 and MM106.The proportion of long branches of M7 and MM106 was significantly higher than that of T337 and Pajam2.The proportion of short branches of T337 and Pajam2 was significantly higher than that of M7 and MM106.The yield of T337 and Pajam2 rootstocks was higher than that of the other two combinations.The L^(*)value of Pajam2 and MM106 was higher than that of the other two combinations.The titratable acid of the fruit of MM106 and M7 was higher than that of the other two combinations.The order of four rootstock-scion combinations in tree growth,branch composition and fruit quality was MM106>Pajam2>M7>T337.In the western region of Henan Province,self-rooted MM106 and Pajam2 rootstocks were better for grafting Fuji.The two rootstocks can be used as key extension rootstock-scion combinations for dwarfing cultivation of local apples.

关 键 词：苹果 砧穗组合 矮化自根砧 生长特性 果实品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]