南方地区不同促早栽培方式对甜樱桃物候期及果实品质的影响研究  

Effects of different promoting early maturing cultivation methods on phenological phase and fruit quality of sweet cherry in southern China

作　　者：董军 洪莉[1] 李向男 陈令会 蒋林钫 王宇阳 DONG Jun;HONG Li;LI Xiangnan;CHEN Linghui;JIANG Linfang;WANG Yuyang(Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taizhou,Zhejiang,318000,China;Taizhou Vocational College of Science and Technology,Taizhou,Zhejiang,318020,China)

机构地区：[1]台州市农业科学研究院,浙江台州318000 [2]台州科技职业学院,浙江台州318020

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2025年第1期194-199,共6页South China Fruits

基　　金：2024区域试验站项目(2024QYGP08);台州市科技计划项目(22nya14)资助。

摘　　要：以“燕子”“早丹”“极佳”等14份甜樱桃品种为试验材料,通过双膜加温及单膜覆盖的处理方式进行促早栽培,调查设施内温湿度以及甜樱桃物候期、果实品质等指标,探索南方地区甜樱桃促早栽培的新模式。结果发现,双膜加温及单膜覆盖促早栽培可以明显提高设施内温度,花期加温和单膜覆盖周平均气温分别比对照高5.02、2.35℃;双膜加温促早栽培“极佳”等超早熟品种成熟期可以提前至4月上旬,比常规栽培提前成熟20 d;双膜加温及单膜覆盖处理“燕子”“极佳”部分可溶性固形物含量显著提高,并降低了“燕子”“早丹”等总酸含量,提高其固酸比;筛选出可在4月上旬成熟的甜樱桃“燕子”“早丹”“极佳”。南方地区可以通过双膜加温、单膜覆盖等方式进行甜樱桃的促早栽培,从而提早成熟,提高甜樱桃售价,促进农民增收。Fourteen sweet cherry varieties,such as Yanzi,Zaodan and Jijia,were used as experimental materials for promoting early maturing cultivation by double film heating and single film covering.Temperature and humidity in the facilities,phenological period and fruit quality of sweet cherry were investigated to explore a new model for promoting early maturing cultivation of sweet cherry in southern China.The results showed that double film heating and single film mulching could significantly increase the temperature in the facilities,and the average weekly temperature of flowering stage heating and single film mulching was 5.02℃and 2.35℃higher than that of the control,respectively.The maturity period of super early maturing varieties such as Jijia under promoting early maturing cultivation of double film heating could be advanced to early April,20 days earlier than that under conventional cultivation.The contents of soluble solids in some of Yanzi and Jijia were significantly increased by double film heating and single film covering treatment,and the total acid contents of Yanzi and Zaodan were decreased,and the ratio of solid to acid was increased.Yanzi,Zaodan,Jijia varieties mature in early April were selected.In southern China,double film heating and single film covering could be used as measures for promoting early maturing cultivation of sweet cherry,so as to advance the maturity,increase the price of sweet cherry and farmers'income.

关 键 词：甜樱桃 双膜加温 单膜覆盖 促早栽培 浙江 南方地区 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]