人参活性成分治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病药理作用的研究进展  

Research progress on the pharmacological effects of active components from ginseng in the treatment of coronary heart disease

作　　者：郭啸 谭绍坤 宋红莉 GUO Xiao;TAN Shaokun;SONG Hongli(Graduate School,Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shijiazhuang 050091,China)

机构地区：[1]河北中医药大学研究生院,石家庄050091 [2]中国中医科学院广安门医院保定医院心血管科

出　　处：《环球中医药》2025年第2期372-380,共9页Global Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：河北省中医药管理局(2024160)。

摘　　要：冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称“冠心病”)是导致心绞痛、心肌梗死、心力衰竭、猝死等病症的主要原因之一,人参活性成分可通过多靶点、多途径发挥防治冠心病的作用。人参活性成分通过调控沉默信息调节器1/核因子κB信号通路、下调环磷酸腺苷/蛋白激酶A信号通路,来减轻炎症反应、降低心肌缺血引起的炎性损伤。人参活性成分通过增强核因子E2相关因子2/血红素加氧酶-1信号通路,激活腺苷酸活化的蛋白激酶/沉默信息调节因子2相关酶/p53信号通路,减轻氧化应激反应,降低心肌缺血引起的氧化损伤。人参活性成分通过抑制血管平滑肌细胞表型转化、抑制过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体-γ/粘着斑激酶信号通路,来延缓动脉粥样硬化进程、降低心肌缺血引起的损伤。人参活性成分通过促进核因子E2相关因子2/血红素加氧酶-1信号通路表达,激活再灌注损伤补救激酶/内皮型一氧化氮合成酶/一氧化氮信号通路、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B/雷帕霉素靶蛋白信号通路、沉默信息调节器1信号通路,调节凋亡相关蛋白的表达,降低心肌细胞凋亡,对心肌细胞发挥保护作用。人参活性成分通过抑制腺苷酸环化酶—环磷酸腺苷—蛋白激酶A信号通,调节内皮素—一氧化氮的动态平衡,调节心肌舒缩功能,减轻心肌损伤。人参活性成分通过抑制钙离子内流,下调钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶II蛋白的表达,抑制过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体-γ的表达,减轻心律失常,降低心肌损伤。人参活性成分通过下调Ras同源基因家族成员A信号通路,增强线粒体自噬,保护线粒体功能,改善心肌能量代谢,减轻心肌损伤。人参活性成分通过减轻内质网应激反应,降低心肌损伤。Coronary heart disease was one of the main causes of diseases such as angina pectoris,myocardial infarction,heart failure,and sudden death.The active ingredients of ginseng played a role in preventing and treating coronary heart disease through multiple targets and pathways.Ginseng active ingredients can regulate SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway,down-regulate cAMP/PKA signaling pathway,reduce inflammatory response,and reduce inflammatory damage caused by myocardial ischemia.Ginseng active ingredients can enhance Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway,activate AMPK/SIRT3/p53 signaling pathway,reduce oxidative stress response,and reduce oxidative damage caused by myocardial ischemia.Ginseng active ingredients can inhibit phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells and inhibit PPAR-γ/FAK signaling pathway,delay the progression of atherosclerosis,and reduce damage caused by myocardial ischemia.Ginseng active ingredients can promote the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway,activate RISK/eNOS/NO signaling pathway,activate PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway,activate SIRT1 signaling pathway,regulate the expression of apoptosis-related proteins,reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis,and play a protective role on cardiomyocytes.Ginseng active ingredients can regulate the dynamic balance of ET-NO,regulate myocardial systolic and diastolic function,and reduce myocardial damage by inhibiting adenylate cyclase(AC)-cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)-protein kinase A(PKA)signaling pathway.Ginseng active ingredients can inhibit calcium influx,down-regulate the expression of CaMKII protein,inhibit the expression of PPAR-γ,reduce arrhythmias,and reduce myocardial damage.Ginseng active ingredients can down-regulate the RhoA signaling pathway,enhance mitochondrial autophagy,protect mitochondrial function,improve myocardial energy metabolism,and reduce myocardial damage.Ginseng active ingredients can reduce myocardial damage by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress response.

关 键 词：人参 活性成分 冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病 药理作用 炎症反应 氧化应激反应 动脉粥样硬化 细胞凋亡 舒缩功能 线粒体自噬 心律失常 能量代谢 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]