梨×苹果远缘杂交果实生长动态  

Growth dynamics of pear×apple distant hybrid fruits

作　　者：马文尧 王晓祥[1] 侯睿宁 张毓[1] 任爱华[1] 韩继龙[1] 董坤 Ma Wenyao;Wang Xiaoxiang;Hou Ruining;Zhang Yu;Ren Aihua;Han Jilong;Dong Kun(Horticultural Sub-academy,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150069)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院园艺分院,哈尔滨150069

出　　处：《中国果树》2025年第1期23-27,共5页China Fruits

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-28);国家重点研发项目“寒地特色果树产业关键技术研究与应用示范”(2022YFD1600500)。

摘　　要：为探究梨×苹果远缘杂交授粉果实生长发育动态,以梨×苹果远缘杂交果实、梨常规杂交果实以及梨自然杂交果实为研究对象,在果实生长发育过程中每间隔14 d测量1次果实纵径、横径,分析不同处理果实纵径、横径、体积生长动态和果形指数变化,以及纵径生长速率、横径生长速率、体积生长速率动态变化。结果表明:远缘杂交果实与常规杂交和自然杂交果实一样,果实纵径、横径、体积生长动态均呈逐渐增长的趋势;果实纵径与横径生长不同步,不同处理间果实纵径差别小于横径差别;远缘杂交果实体积小于常规杂交和自然杂交果实,且果实体积更多受果实横径的影响;远缘杂交果实果形指数大于常规杂交和自然杂交果实;3个处理的果实纵径生长速率、横径生长速率、体积生长速率均有2个高峰期。In order to explore the growth and development dynamics of pear×apple distant hybrid fruits,we designed pear×apple distant hybrid fruits,pear conventional hybrid fruits and pear natural hybrid fruits as research objects,and measured the longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of fruits at an interval of 14 days during the fruit growth and development process.The changes in longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,volume growth dynamics,fruit shape index,and longitudinal diameter growth rate,transverse diameter growth rate,and volume growth rate were analyzed under different treatments.The results showed that distant hybrid fruits,like conventional hybrid and natural hybrid fruits,exhibited a gradually increasing trend in their longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,and volumetric growth dynamics;the growth of fruit longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter is not synchronized,and the difference in fruit longitudinal diameter between different treatments is smaller than the difference in transverse diameter;the fruit volume of distant hybrid fruits is smaller than that of conventional hybrid and natural hybrid fruits,and the fruit volume is more influenced by the transverse diameter of the fruit;the fruit shape index of distant hybrid fruits is higher than that of conventional hybrid and natural hybrid fruits;the longitudinal diameter growth rate,transverse diameter growth rate,and volumetric growth rate of the three processed fruits all had two peak periods.

关 键 词：梨×苹果 远缘杂交 果实生长 

分 类 号：S661[农业科学—果树学]