杏与扁桃属间远缘杂交后代的SSR标记亲子鉴定  

The paternity analysis of distant hybrids between apricot and almond based on SSR markers

作　　者：张俊环[1] 张美玲 杨丽[1] 姜凤超[1] 王玉柱[1] 于文剑 孙浩元[1] Zhang Junhuan;Zhang Meiling;Yang Li;Jiang Fengchao;Wang Yuzhu;Yu Wenjian;Sun Haoyuan(Institute of Forestry and Pomology,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Apricot Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100093)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所,国家林业和草原杏工程技术研究中心,农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《中国果树》2025年第1期28-34,共7页China Fruits

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2201302);北京市自然科学基金项目(6232011);北京市农林科学院科研创新平台建设项目(PT2024-9)。

摘　　要：杏(Armeniaca vulgaris)与扁桃(Amygdalus communis)进行远缘杂交育种,开放式授粉获得的杂种纯度较低,为了提高育种效率,需要在苗期对杂交子代进行鉴定。以母本为龙王帽、父本不完全确定的3个疑似来源于杏与扁桃远缘杂交的子代个体为对象,选用了15个多态性和扩增效率较高的SSR(Simple Sequence Repeat)位点,通过荧光修饰引物结合毛细管电泳分型技术,对3个亲本和3个子代进行基因分型,并计算了等位基因频率、亲权指数和亲子关系概率(RCP)。结果发现,15个SSR位点在6份材料中共检测到78个等位基因,各位点的等位基因数介于4~7个之间。子代A1和B1与其疑似亲本间的累积RCP值均高于99.99%,并由此断定远缘杂交后代A1是来源于父本蒙特瑞(Monterey)扁桃,而辛普森(Thompson)是子代B1的真实父本。15个位点中子代B2均未出现其假定父本扁桃2号的等位基因,从而排除它们之间有亲缘关系。亲子鉴定结果与聚类分析显示的亲缘关系相符合。另外,通过分析SSR位点的数量与累积RCP值之间的关系发现,基于这些SSR位点对杏与扁桃远缘杂交后代进行亲子鉴定时,需要选用9个以上的位点。此方法可用来鉴定杏与扁桃属间远缘杂交后代的所有个体。The distant hybridization breeding program between apricot(Armeniaca vulgaris) and almond(Amygdalus communis) resulted in low purity of hybrid offspring due to open pollination.To enhance breeding efficiency,it is necessary to identify the hybrid progeny at the seedling stage.In this study,fifteen SSR markers with high polymorphism and high amplification efficiency were screened in the experiment.The genotyping of 3 parents and 3 progeny from distant hybrid was carried out by primers fluorescence modification combined with capillary electrophoresis typing technique.And then the allele frequency,paternity index and relative chance of paternity(RCP) had been calculated.It was found that a total of 78 alleles from 15 SSR loci were detected in 6 samples,and the allele number at each locus ranged from 4 to 7 alleles per locus.The cumulative RCP values between the progeny A1 and B1 and their putative parents were both above 99.99%,confirming that the distant hybrid offspring A1 originated from the male parent ‘Monterey’ almond,and ‘Thompson’ was the true parent of the offspring B1.None of the alleles from the putative male parent ‘Thompson’ were detected in the offspring B2,excluding the parental relationship.The results of parentage testing were consistent with the relationships shown by clustering analysis.In addition,we further analyzed the relationship between the number of SSR loci and the cumulative RCP value.It was found when perform the paternity testing of distant hybrids between apricot and almond,at least nine loci need to be randomly selected from these 15 SSR loci.This testing method would be used to identify all the individuals from distant-crosses between apricot and almond trees.

关 键 词：杏 扁桃 远缘杂交 SSR标记 亲子鉴定 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]