枣二、四倍体间杂交子代基因组大小及叶片性状变异分析  

Analysis of genome size and leaf heterosis of hybrids between diploid and tetraploid in Chinese jujube

作　　者：刘冠豪 杨松颀 刘孟军[2,3] 王玖瑞[1] Liu Guanhao;Yang Songqi;Liu Mengjun;Wang Jiurui(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000;Research Center of Chinese Jujube,Hebei Agricultural University;College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,保定071000 [2]河北农业大学中国枣研究中心 [3]河北农业大学园艺学院

出　　处：《中国果树》2025年第1期49-54,共6页China Fruits

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(20326811D、21326304D-1);河北省现代农业产业技术体系(HBCT2024190201);天津市科技计划项目(22ZYCGSN00460)。

摘　　要：为揭示枣二、四倍体间杂交子代基因组大小和叶片性状杂种优势特点,以冬枣(二倍体)×辰光(四倍体)获得的52个二倍体杂交子代和87个三倍体杂交子代以及亲本为材料,测定分析基因组大小和叶片性状,进而分析叶片性状与基因组大小的相关性。研究发现,二倍体杂交子代基因组大小为416.40~527.14 Mb,三倍体杂交子代基因组大小为577.83~709.12 Mb,三倍体杂交子代基因组大小相较于二倍体杂交子代变异更加剧烈。从变异程度来看,二倍体杂交子代叶片变异系数为34.16%,三倍体杂交子代叶片变异系数为40.73%,且都是叶面积,三倍体杂交子代群体叶片变异程度相较于二倍体杂交子代群体更高,多样性更加丰富;从杂种优势上来看,三倍体杂交子代叶片比二倍体杂交子代更具有杂种优势。但二、三倍体杂交子代基因组大小与叶片性状均没有显著相关性。研究结果可为进一步研究冬枣×辰光杂交子代遗传变异提供参考。To elucidate the genome size and heterosis characteristics of leaf traits in hybrids between diploid and tetraploid jujube varieties,this study utilized the hybridization of ‘Dongzao’(diploid) and ‘Chenguang’ (tetraploid) to obtain 52 diploid progenies,87 triploid progenies,and the parental lines as materials.Genome sizes were measured,and five indicators of leaf traits were investigated to analyze the correlation between leaf traits and genome size.The study revealed that the genome size of diploid hybrid progenies ranged from 416.40 to 527.14 Mb,while that of triploid hybrid progenies ranged from 577.83 to 709.12 Mb.Triploid hybrid progenies exhibited more pronounced variation in genome size compared to diploid hybrid progenies.In terms of variation,the coefficient of variation of diploid leaves could reach 34.16%,while that of triploid leaves could reach 40.73%,both in leaf area.Triploid hybrid offspring exhibited higher leaf variation and greater diversity compared to diploid hybrid offspring.However,there was no correlation between genome size and leaf traits in both diploid and triploid hybrid offspring.This study can provide reference for further research on genetic variation of offspring between ‘Dongzao’ and ‘Chenguang’.

关 键 词：枣 三倍体 杂种优势 基因组大小 叶片性状 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]