不同喷硒浓度对柑橘生长发育和果实品质的影响  

Effects of foliar application with different concentrations of selenium on growth,development,and fruit quality of citrus

作　　者：温明霞[1] 王鹏[1] 吴韶辉[1] 黄贝 Wen Mingxia;Wang Peng;Wu Shaohui;Huang Bei(Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute,Taizhou 318026)

机构地区：[1]浙江省柑橘研究所,台州318026

出　　处：《中国果树》2025年第1期68-76,共9页China Fruits

基　　金：浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划“揭榜挂帅”项目(2023SNJF039);台州市科技项目(1801ny04);台州市重点实验室。

摘　　要：研究不同喷硒浓度对柑橘生长发育和果实品质的影响,对于指导富硒柑橘生产及其保健功能的提高具有重要意义。以15年生本地早柑橘为研究对象,分别喷施浓度为40、100、150、200 mg/L的亚硒酸钠溶液,研究其对柑橘生长、代谢生理和果实品质的影响,为富硒柑橘调控技术提供科学依据。结果表明:与对照相比,在柑橘果实发育阶段(幼果期、果实膨大期和果实成熟期)硒肥处理的果实纵径、横径、单果重和叶片SPAD值均有不同程度的提升,以150 mg/L亚硒酸钠处理最佳;硒肥处理提高了柑橘叶片和果实中的可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性,降低了丙二醛(MDA)含量;各硒肥处理的果实表面颜色、可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量、还原糖含量和维生素C含量均有提升,果实总酸含量和果皮厚度却有不同程度的降低。综上,叶面喷施硒肥能改善柑橘生长、代谢生理和果实品质,尤其是喷施150 mg/L亚硒酸钠处理效果最佳。Studying the effects of different selenium spraying concentrations on the growth,development,and fruit quality of citrus is of great significance for guiding the production of selenium rich citrus and improving its health functions.Taking 15-year-old ‘Bendizao’ citrus as the research object,sodium Na_2SeO_(3) with concentrations of 40 mg/L,100 mg/L,150 mg/L,and 200 mg/L were sprayed to study their effects on citrus growth,metabolic physiology,and fruit quality,providing scientific basis for selenium rich citrus regulation technology.The results showed that compared with the control treatment,growth indices of citrus fruits such as longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,single fruit weight,and SPAD values(leaf greenness) at fruit developmental stages(young fruit stage,expansion stage,and maturation stage) of selenium fertilizer treatments showed disparate degrees of enhancement,the best treatment being 150 mg/L Na_2SeO_3.Moreover,the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) in citrus leaves and fruits of selenium fertilizer treatments were improved,whereas the malondialdehyde(MDA) content were reduced.The surface color of fruits and the contents of soluble solids,total sugar,reducing sugar,and vitamin C of selenium fertilizer treatments were all improved,while the total acid content and peel thickness were reduced to varying degrees.In conclusion,foliar spraying of selenium fertilizer,especially 150 mg/L Na_2SeO_3,could improve the growth,metabolic physiology,and fruit quality of citrus.

关 键 词：柑橘 本地早 叶面喷硒 生长 代谢生理 果实品质 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]