甘肃省梨白粉病发生和防治现状调查  

Investigation on the occurrence and control status of pear powdery mildew in Gansu Province

作　　者：曹素芳[1] 曹继礼 丁辉 朱少聪 曹刚[1] 陈龙 田靖[5] 赵明新[1] 王玮[1] 李红旭[1] Cao Sufang;Cao Jili;Ding Hui;Zhu Shaocong;Cao Gang;Chen Long;Tian Jing;Zhao Mingxin;Wang Wei;Li Hongxu(Institute of Fruit and Floriculture Research,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070;Gansu Yasheng Industry(Group)Co.,Ltd.Tiaoshan Agricultural and Industrial Development Branch;Linze County,Zhangye City,Gansu Province,Forest and Fruit Industry Technology Extension Center;Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Zhangye Test Site,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃亚盛实业(集团)股份有限公司条山农工商开发分公司 [3]甘肃省张掖市临泽县林果业技术推广中心 [4]甘肃省农业科学院 [5]甘肃省农业科学院张掖试验场

出　　处：《中国果树》2025年第1期113-117,共5页China Fruits

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(32060662);甘肃省农业科学院科研条件建设及成果转化(重点研发计划)(2022GAAS35);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28-47);农业农村部西北地区果树科学观测实验站(S-10-18)。

摘　　要：对甘肃省7个产区42个果园420株梨树的白粉病发生现状及防治情况进行了调查。结果表明,梨白粉病病株率高达75.5%,调查总叶数42200片,发病叶数22620片,病叶率为53.6%,病情指数为42.4。不同产区间差异较大,武威市的病情指数最高,为95.1;较低的是静宁县和景泰县,分别为31.5和4.1。不同品种间差异显著,红早酥的病情指数最高,为99.2,苹果梨的病情指数为59.2,玉露香、黄冠和巴梨的病情指数均为0.0。随着树龄的增大,病情指数逐渐提高,5~8年生梨树病情指数为29.7,9~18年生梨树病情指数为54.6,18~24年生梨树病情指数为74.3。品种单一且高感是病害流行的主要原因之一。甘肃省梨白粉病发生存在普遍性,各产区及果园间管理水平存在较大差异,加强栽培管理增强树势、采用化学防治是防治梨白粉病的重要措施。The occurrence and control status of powdery mildew in 420 pear trees from 42 orchards in 7producing areas of Gansu Province were investigated.The results showed that the overall incidence of powdery mildew was 75.5%,the total number of investigated leaves was 42,200,the number of infected leaves was 22,620,and the rate of diseased leaves was 53.6%,the disease index was 42.4.The disease index of Wuwei was the highest of95.1,the lowest of Jingning and Jingtai were 31.5 and 4.1,respectively.The disease index of ‘Hongzaosu’ was 99.2,that of ‘Pingguoli’ was 59.2,and that of ‘Yuluxiang’,‘Huangguan’,and ‘Bali’ were all 0.0.With the increase of tree age,the disease index increased,the disease index of 5~8 years old pear trees was 29.7,the disease index of 9~18years old pear trees was 54.6,and the disease index of 18~24 years old pear trees was 74.3.One of the main causes of disease prevalence is the single variety and high sensitivity.The occurrence of powdery mildew of pear trees in Gansu Province is common,and there are great differences in management level among different producing areas and fields.The important measures to prevent and control powdery mildew of pear trees are to strengthen cultivation management to enhance tree potential and chemical control.

关 键 词：梨白粉病 病害发生 防治情况 调查 

分 类 号：S436.612.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]