弹丸不同初始误差下枪弹耦合发射动力学分析  

Analysis of Projectile Coupling Launching Dynamics Under Different Initial Errors

作　　者：常昊 杨臻[1] 方炜 郁卫星 王国强 王永艳 CHANG Hao;YANG Zhen;FANG Wei;YU Weixing;WANG Guoqiang;WANG Yongyan(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,Shanxi,China;School of Electrical and Control Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,Shanxi,China;China Sanjiang Space Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机电工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]中北大学电气与控制工程学院,山西太原030051 [3]中国航天三江集团有限公司,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《火炮发射与控制学报》2025年第1期7-14,共8页Journal of Gun Launch & Control

基　　金：瞬态冲击技术重点实验室基金项目(JCKY2023209C003)。

摘　　要：为研究弹丸初始误差对某12.7 mm狙击枪发射动力学特性的影响,基于无后坐内弹道理论,建立枪弹耦合仿真模型,运用显式动力学方法进行数值计算,并完成网格无关性验证,得到了弹丸不同初始同轴度及倾斜角误差下弹丸质心偏移、摆角和速度的变化规律。研究结果表明:弹丸初始状态同轴度或倾斜角误差值越大,沿X、Y方向的质心偏移量及摆角越大,波动也越明显;弹丸挤进膛线后,膛线会对摆角起到一定纠正作用,但最终将稳定在某一角度附近,且初始误差量越大,稳定后摆角越大;初始同轴度误差为0.02 mm时,弹丸质心沿X、Y轴最大偏移量分别为4.06、3.23μm,摆角最终稳定在0.68 mrad左右;初始倾斜角误差为0.1°时,弹丸质心沿X、Y轴最大偏移量分别为2.98、2.26μm,摆角最终稳定在1.25 mrad左右;初始误差对弹丸运动速度影响较小。In order to investigate the influence of projectile′s initial error on the firing dynamics of a 12.7 mm high precision sniper rifle,a coupling simulation model was established based on recoilless internal ballistic theory.Numerical calculations were conducted using the explicit dynamic method,followed by verification of grid independence.The study elucidated the variations in centroid shift,swing angle,and projectile velocity under different initial coaxiality and inclination errors.The findings indicate that larger errors in coaxiality or inclination during projectile launch lead to increased centroid offset and swing angle along the X and Y axes,resulting in more pronounced fluctuations.After the projectile is squeezed into the rifling,the projectile experiences a corrective effect on its swing angle;however,the swing angle tends to stabilize around a specific value,with larger initial errors resulting in greater swing angles post-stabilization.For instance,with an initial coaxiality error of 0.02 mm,the maximum centroid deviation along the X and Y axes is 4.06μm and 3.23μm,respectively,and the swing angle stabilizes at approximately 0.68 mrad.Conversely,with an initial inclination angle error of 0.1°,the maximum centroid deviation along the X and Y axes is 2.98μm and 2.26μm,respectively,and the swing angle stabilizes at about 1.25 mrad.Notably,the initial error exerts minimal influence on projectile velocity.

关 键 词：发射动力学 枪弹耦合 初始误差 无后坐力 

分 类 号：TJ450.2[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]