不同紫花苜蓿品种对土壤理化性质的影响  

Effect of Different Alfalfa Cultivars on Soil Physicochemical Properties

作　　者：段景章 赵海东 张建伟 肖金玉[1] 郭正刚[1] 侯扶江[1] 张自和[1] DUAN Jingzhang;ZHAO Haidong;ZHANG Jianwei;XIAO Jinyu;GUO Zhenggang;HOU Fujiang;ZHANG Zihe(State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems/Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室/农业农村部草牧业重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2025年第2期104-114,共11页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际合作项目(32161143028);国家自然科学基金项目(U21A20242);甘肃省草原生态治理修复科技支撑项目(202302)。

摘　　要：我国黄土高原地区土壤退化严重。本研究在黄土高原九华沟流域引入了Sitle、Derby、Defi、Rest、Vela、Famous和陇东苜蓿7个紫花苜蓿品种,评估不同紫花苜蓿品种对土壤理化性质的影响,并筛选适宜当地栽培的最适品种,以期为黄土高原地区农业可持续发展和生态恢复提供理论支撑。结果表明:种植7个紫花苜蓿品种的0~100 cm土层土壤容重(SBD)、水分含量(SM)、有机碳密度(SOCD)、速效氮密度(SAND)、总氮密度(STND)、速效磷密度(SAPD)和总磷密度(STPD)均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。7个紫花苜蓿品种草地的SBD和SM在0~40 cm土层呈逐渐增加趋势。在0~100 cm土层中,SOCD、SAND、STND、SAPD和STPD随深度的增加呈现下降趋势。草产量与SAPD、STPD和STND显著正相关,与STND∶STPD呈显著负相关。主成分分析表明,品种Vela的土壤质量综合状况最佳,为适宜黄土高原地区种植的最佳品种。Soil degradation poses a critical challenge to ecological sustainability in China′s Loess Plateau.This study systematically evaluated seven alfalfa(Medicago sativa)cultivars-Sitle(ST),Derby(DB),Defi(DF),Rest(RS),Vela(VL),Famous(FS),and Longdong(LD)-in Jiuhuagou watershed.We assessed their impacts on soil physicochemical properties and identified optimal cultivars for local cultivation,providing theoretical support for the sustainable agriculture and ecological restoration in the Loess Plateau region.The results showed that significant differences(P<0.05)in soil bulk density(SBD),soil moisture content(SM),soil organic carbon density(SOCD),soil available nitrogen density(SAND),soil total nitrogen density(STND),soil available phosphorus density(SAPD)and soil total phosphorus density(STPD)among of 0-100 cm soils cultivated with the seven alfalfa cultivars.In the 0-40 cm soil layer,SBD and SM of the alfalfa grassland showed a gradual increasing trend across all cultivars.Within the 0-100 cm soil profile,SOCD,SAND,STND,SAPD,and STPD exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing depth.Grass yield was significantly positively correlated with SAPD,STPD and STND(P<0.05),while displaying a signifant negative correlation with the ratio of STND∶STPD.Principal component analysis showed that VL cultivar exhibited the most favorable comprehensive soil quality status.In conclusion,the VL cultivar is recommended as the optimal choice for local cultivation to advance sustainable agricultural practices and ecological restoration in the Loess Plateau region.

关 键 词：黄土高原 土壤质量 主成分分析 苜蓿品种 

分 类 号：S541.1[农业科学—作物学]