光伏阵列对屋顶传热影响的计算模型及分析  

CALCULATION MODEL AND ANALYSIS OF EFFECT OF PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAY ON ROOF HEAT TRANSFER

作　　者：赵康 秦玉林 吕国荃 葛坚[1,2] Zhao Kang;Qin Yulin;Lyu Guoquan;Ge Jian(College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Center for Balance Architecture,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Architectural Design&Research Institute of Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学建筑工程学院,杭州310058 [2]浙江大学平衡建筑研究中心,杭州310058 [3]浙江大学建筑设计研究院有限公司,杭州310058

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2025年第2期333-341,共9页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划(2021C03147)。

摘　　要：光伏阵列铺装对屋顶传热影响显著,为合理地衡量日照阴影移动、天空背景辐射和屋顶内部水平传热的影响,建立考虑太阳实时移动及辐射角系数差异的光伏阵列屋顶二维动态传热模型,并实验验证该模型的准确性。现有一维节点传热模型存在高估光伏组件遮阳和阻挡散热效果的问题,与之相比,该二维动态传热模型可准确计算光伏屋顶传热量,得到更接近实际工况的评估结果。以夏热冬冷地区建筑屋顶安装30°倾角的光伏阵列为例,夏季和冬季典型日屋顶冷/热负荷可分别降低22.4%和4.0%,冷/热负荷峰值分别降低35.9%和16.7%,峰值时间延后约40 min。应用该模型计算分析光伏阵列的安装倾角、间距、屋顶保温以及吸收率对屋顶传热的影响,并提出优化设计建议。Rooftop PV arrays have a significant impact on the roof’s heat transfer.A two-dimensional dynamic heat transfer model for PV array roofs is developed in order to measure the effects of direct solar radiation movement,sky background radiation,and horizontal heat transfer within the roof accurately.This model accounts for the real-time movement of the sun and the differences in radiation angle coefficients and the accuracy of the model is verified by experiments.The model is compared to existing one-dimensional node heat transfer models that overestimate the shading and heat dissipation blocking effects of the PV components.The results show that the two-dimensional dynamic model accurately calculates the heat transfer of PV roofs,yielding results closer to actual conditions.Furthermore,the results indicate that installing PV arrays with a 30°tilt angle on rooftops in regions with hot summers and cold winters can reduce the summer and winter typical day cooling and heating loads by 22.4%and 4.0%,respectively,with peak reductions of 35.9%and 16.7%.The peak times are delayed by approximately 40 minutes.Finally,the model serves as a tool to analyze the effects of tilt angle,spacing,roof insulation,and absorptivity on roof heat transfer and to propose optimal design suggestions.

关 键 词：光伏阵列 屋顶 入射太阳辐射 传热 动态模拟 

分 类 号：TU111[建筑科学—建筑理论]