机构地区:[1]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建农林大学国际镁营养研究所,福建福州350002 [3]福建省南安市种植业服务中心,福建泉州362399
出 处:《核农学报》2025年第4期827-838,共12页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基 金:福建省科技厅农业引导性项目(2021N0008);国际镁营养研究所开放课题(IMI2018-07)。
摘 要:为明确改良柚园酸化土壤最佳施肥方式,本研究通过为期两年的蜜柚田间试验,探究农户常规施肥(FFP)、优化施肥(OPT)和施用有机肥(OF)对表层(0~20 cm)和亚表层(20~40 cm)土壤pH值、养分含量、酶活性和土壤微生物群落的影响。结果表明,与FFP相比,OF处理可显著提高土壤pH值和有机质含量,而OPT处理使表层土壤有机质含量显著降低。与FFP相比,OF处理表层土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著增加,亚表层土壤脲酶和磷酸酶活性显著增加。与FFP相比,OPT和OF处理增加了土壤细菌多样性,而OF处理降低了真菌多样性。与FFP相比,OPT和OF处理使土壤优势细菌门中变形菌门相对丰度降低,而酸杆菌门相对丰度增加,且对亚表层土壤影响更明显。在优势真菌门中,与FFP相比,OPT处理担子菌门相对丰度降低,而子囊菌门相对丰度有所增加,OF处理则与其相反,且在表层土中效果更为明显。在优势细菌属中,与FFP相比,OPT和OF处理表层土壤慢生根瘤菌相对丰度有所增加,热酸菌相对丰度有所降低。在优势真菌属中,与FFP相比,OPT处理降低了表层土壤中原隐球菌和木霉菌以及亚表层土壤中原隐球菌的相对丰度;OF处理提升了表层土壤中原隐球菌以及亚表层土壤中原隐球菌和木霉菌的相对丰度。综上,优化施肥和施用有机肥可提升土壤pH值,增加微生物多样性,改善土壤微生物群落结构,激发土壤酶活性,为蜜柚树体的生长提供良好的土壤微生态环境,以施用有机肥效果更佳。本研究结果为蜜柚化肥减量与提质增效提供了技术参考。To clarify the optimal fertilization methods for improving acidified soil in pomelo orchards,the effects of farmers’fertilization practice(FFP),optimal fertilization(OPT),and application of organic fertilizer(OF)on soil pH value,nutrient content,enzyme activity,and soil microbial community in surface(0-20 cm)and subsurface(20-40 cm)soils were investigated in a two-year field experiment of honey pomelo.The results showed that,compared with FFP,the OF treatment significantly enhanced the pH value and organic matter content in the soil,while the optimization of fertilization significantly reduced the organic matter content of surface soil.The OF treatment significantly increased the activities of sucrose,urease,phosphatase,and catalase in the surface soil and enhanced the activities of urease and phosphatase in the subsoil compared with FFP.Both OPT and OF treatments increased soil bacterial diversity compared with FFP,while OF treatment decreased fungal diversity.Compared with FFP,the OPT and OF treatments reduced the relative abundance of Proteobacteria among dominant soil bacteria,while increased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria,with a more pronounced impact on subsurface soil.As for the dominant fungal phylum,the OPT treatment decreased the relative abundance of Basidiomycota and increased the relative abundance of Ascomycota compared with FFP,while the OF treatment had the opposite effect,with more significant effects in the surface soil.Among the dominant bacterial genera,the relative abundance of Bradyrhizobium in surface soil was increased under OPT and OF treatments compared with FFP,while that of Acidothermus was decreased.Among the dominant fungal genera,the OPT treatment reduced the relative abundance of Saitozyma and Trichoderma in surface soil and Saitozyma in the subsurface soil compared with FFP,whereas the OF treatment increased the relative abundance of Saitozyma in surface soil and both Saitozyma and Trichoderma in the subsurface soil.In summary,optimizing fertilization and applying organ
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...
正在载入数据...