椭圆类截面弹体侵彻多层间隔钢靶的弹道特性  

Trajectory characteristics of elliptical cross-section projectile penetrating multi-layer spaced steel targets

作　　者：杨士林 高旭东[1] 张先锋[1] 王晓锋 YANG Shilin;GAO Xudong;ZHANG Xianfeng;WANG Xiaofeng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China;State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2025年第3期120-136,共17页Explosion and Shock Waves

摘　　要：为了研究椭圆类截面弹体侵彻多层间隔钢靶的弹道特性,开展了典型弹体侵彻多层间隔Q355B钢靶试验,基于LS-DYNA软件开展有限元仿真研究,得到了弹体在侵彻过程中的姿态偏转和弹道参数,分析了弹体的偏转机制,获得了截面形状、截面压缩系数、初速、滚转角和着角等弹靶参数对椭圆类截面弹体侵彻弹道特性和姿态偏转特性的影响规律。研究结果表明:滚转角为0°时,圆截面弹体侵彻弹道的稳定性优于椭圆类截面弹体;弹体截面压缩系数越大,弹体侵彻弹道稳定性越好;弹体初速越大,弹体姿态偏转越小,侵彻弹道越平稳;滚转角为90°时,椭圆截面和非对称椭圆截面弹体在入射平面内的侵彻弹道最稳定,并且两种弹体在水平面内的弹道偏移量分别在滚转角为45°和90°时达到最大,非对称椭圆截面弹体在滚转角为钝角时的侵彻弹道稳定性优于锐角时的情况;弹体着角在[0°,50°]范围内时,侵彻弹道稳定性随着角的增大先减弱后增强,着角在30°左右时姿态偏转和弹道失稳最严重;弹体以较正姿态贯穿薄钢靶时,在弹头部侵彻阶段就已经与靶体分离;弹体以较大攻角贯穿薄钢靶时,弹靶接触主要发生在弹体的上表面。An experimental investigation of typical projectiles penetrating multi-layer spaced Q355B steel targets was conducted to study the trajectory characteristics of elliptical cross-section projectiles penetrating multi-layer spaced steel targets.Numerical simulations were performed on LS-DYNA finite element software and typical results obtained were validated by experimental results.The attitude and trajectory parameters in the penetration process and the deflection mechanism of the projectile were obtained.The influence of cross-section shape,the minor-to-major axis length ratio of the projectile cross-section,initial velocity,rotation angle,and incident angle on the penetration trajectories and attitude deflection was investigated.The research results show that the penetration trajectory stability of the circular cross-section projectile is better than the elliptical and asymmetric elliptical cross-section projectiles when the rotation angle is 0°.As the minor-to-major axis length ratio increases,the trajectory is more stable.The trajectory deflection reduces with a higher initial velocity.When the rotation angle is 90°,the penetration trajectory of both symmetric and asymmetric elliptical cross-section projectiles in the incident plane is the most stable,and the trajectory deflection of the two projectiles in the horizontal plane reaches its maximum at rotation angles of 45°and 90°,respectively.The trajectory stability of an asymmetric elliptical projectile,when the rotation angle is obtuse,is better than that at the acute angle.When the incident angle is in the range of[0°,50°],the trajectory instability and attitude deflection of the projectile increase with the increase of incident angle and then decrease,and both reach the largest when the incident angle is about 30°.It is also found that the projectile will separate from the target during the penetration stage of the projectile nose when penetrating a thin steel target in a stable attitude.When the projectile penetrates a thin steel target at a large

关 键 词：椭圆类截面弹体 多层间隔钢靶 侵彻弹道 姿态偏转 

分 类 号：O385[理学—流体力学]