蒙药漏芦花种子表型特征测定及发芽试验初探  

Determination of Phenotypic Characteristics of Mongolian Rhaponticum uniflorum Seeds and Preliminary Exploration of Germination Experiments

作　　者：何祥 吴双英 赛汗图雅 德格吉日呼 HE Xiang;WU Shuangying;SAN Han Tu Ya;DE Ge Ji Ri Hu(Hulunbeier Mongolian Medicine Hospital,Hailar Inner Mongolia 021000,China;Hulunbeier Institute of Traditional Momgolian Medicine,Hailar Inner Mongolia 021000,China)

机构地区：[1]呼伦贝尔市蒙医医院,内蒙古海拉尔021000 [2]呼伦贝尔市蒙医药研究所,内蒙古海拉尔021000

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2025年第1期34-38,共5页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：内蒙古自治区蒙医药标准化项目(2022-[MB025]);呼伦贝尔市科技计划项目(NC202211)。

摘　　要：对漏芦花种子的基本形态特征及发芽特性进行研究,为实现其规模化栽培提供科学依据。本试验以野生漏芦花种子为试验材料,通过观测种子的形态、大小、种皮颜色和吸水性,并采用L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验开展不同浸种水温(A)、赤霉素浓度(B)、发芽温度(C)对种子发芽影响,探究最适宜的萌发条件。结果表明,漏芦花种子为近椭圆锥或长四棱锥形,种子长度、宽度分别为(5.93±0.41)mm、(2.95±0.16)mm,千粒重平均值为13.17 g,含水量为4.15%,种子为中粒种子;种子浸泡0~12 h时吸水较快,后渐趋缓,浸种72 h近饱和,种子饱和状态时吸水率为71.12%;影响种子发芽率的主次水平的因素排序均为C>A>B,种子在40℃水种浸泡2 h,用200 mg/L的赤霉素溶液处理24 h,放置于萌发温度为15℃的人工气候箱中,其效果达到最佳。The basic morphological characteristics and germination characteristics of the Rhaponticum uniflorum seeds were studied to provide scientific basis for its large-scale cultivation.Using wild Rhaponticum uniflorum seeds as experimental materials,the morphology,size,seed coat color,and water absorption of the seeds were observed.The L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal experiment was used to investigate the effects of different soaking water temperatures,gibberellin concentrations,and germination temperatures on seed germination,and to explore the most suitable germination conditions.The results showed that the seeds of Rhaponticum uniflorum were nearly elliptical or long quadrangular in shape,with a length and width of(5.93±0.41)mm and(2.95±0.16)mm,respectively.The average weight per thousand seeds was 13.17 g,with a water content of 4.15%.The seeds were medium seeds.Seeds absorb water faster when soaked for 0-12 h,and then gradually slowed down.The seeds were saturated for 72 h,and the water absorption rate was 71.12%when saturated.The ranking of the main and secondary factors affecting seed germination rate was C>A>B.Soak the seeds in 40℃water for 2 hours,treat with 200 mg/L gibberellin solution for 24 hours,and placed in an artificial climate chamber with germination temperature of 15℃for the best effect.

关 键 词：蒙药漏芦花 种子特征 正交试验 发芽率 

分 类 号：S567.219[农业科学—中草药栽培]