生物炭添加条件下红壤坡耕地土壤入渗特性研究  

Soil infiltration characteristics of red soil sloping farmland under condition of biochar addition

作　　者：陶俊霖 阮电荣 屈昌鸿 解杰 赵耀 胡燕梅 陈正发 郭镒维 TAO Junlin;RUAN Dianrong;QU Changhong;XIE Jie;ZHAO Yao;HU Yanmei;CHEN Zhengfa;GUO Yiwei(College of Water Conservancy,Yunnan Agricultural University,Green Smart Agricultural Field and Carbon Emission Reduction Engineering Research Center of University in Yunnan Province,Kunming Yunnan 650201,China;Yunnan Water Diversion Project Construction Administration,Kunming Yunnan 650051,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学水利学院,云南省高校绿色智慧农田与碳减排工程研究中心,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省滇中引水工程建设管理局,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《农业工程》2025年第2期134-139,共6页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202201AT070272);云南省农业基础研究联合专项面上项目(202301BD070001-033);云南省水利科技项目(2023BG204001);云南农业大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2023)。

摘　　要：南方红壤坡耕地区是典型雨养农业区,在季节性干旱条件下提升土壤持水及入渗性能至关重要。设置0%、1%、3%和5%(按质量比计)4种生物炭添加量的试验小区,探析红壤坡耕地不同生物炭添加量对土壤入渗性能的影响,并优选出适宜的土壤入渗模型。试验结果表明,(1)添加生物炭相比未添加生物炭处理的试验小区,土壤孔隙度显著增加0.91%~3.41%,土壤容重显著减低1.67%~6.53%,土壤含水率显著增加6.62%~23.93%,以5%生物炭添加量处理提升土壤持水性能最佳。(2)随着生物炭量添加量的增加,土壤初始、稳定、平均入渗率分别减小27.22%~80.41%、25.10%~81.10%和26.28%~82.06%,不同生物炭添加量条件下的土壤累计入渗量具体表现为0%>1%>3%>5%。(3)对比Philip、Kostiakov和Horton 3种土壤水分入渗模型拟合结果,Kostiakov模型拟合结果优于其他两种模型。研究结果表明,施加生物炭可抑制降雨及灌溉过程土壤水分入渗,减少水分流失,增强土壤持水性能。该研究可为提升季节性干旱条件下土壤持水性能及改善土壤结构功能提供借鉴。As a typical rain-fed agricultural area,it is crucial to improve soil water retention and infiltration performance under seasonal drought conditions in southern red soil sloping farmland.Four test plots with 0%、1%、3%and 5%(by mass ratio)were set up,to in-vestigate effects of different biochar additions on soil infiltration performance in red soil sloping farmland,and selecte optimal soil infilt-ration models.Results showed that compared to control without biochar addition,biochar addition treatments'soil porosity significantly increased by 0.91%~3.41%,soil bulk density significantly decreased by 1.67%~6.53%,soil moisture content significantly increased by 6.62%~23.93%,and treatment with 5%biochar addition enhanced the best soil water retention.With increasing biochar amount,soil initial,steady,and mean infiltration rates increased by 27.22%~80.41%,25.10%~81.10%,and 26.28%~82.06%,respectively,and cumulative infiltration under different biochar additions was shown as 0%>1%>3%>5%.Comparative analysis of fitting results of three soil moisture infiltration models(Philip,Kostiakov,Horton)indicated that Kostiakov model outperformed the others.It sugges-ted that biochar application could suppress soil moisture infiltration during rainfall and irrigation processes,reduce water loss,and en-hance soil water retention capabilities.It could be used to provide a reference for improving soil water retention and enhancing soil struc-ture under seasonal drought conditions.

关 键 词：生物炭 土壤入渗性能 土壤入渗模型 红壤坡耕地 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]