从含硅高钠含锂废水中萃取提锂的研究  

Extraction of lithium from silicon-and-sodium-rich lithium-containing wastewater

作　　者：张钰丰 覃远航 ZHANG Yufeng;QIN Yuanhang(School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education(Wuhan Institute of Technology),Hubei key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology(Wuhan Institute of Technology),Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学化工与制药学院,绿色化工过程教育部重点实验室(武汉工程大学),新型反应器与绿色化工技术湖北省重点实验室(武汉工程大学),湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《武汉工程大学学报》2025年第1期10-13,20,共5页Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21306144)。

摘　　要：从含锂废水回收锂可减少锂资源的浪费和环境污染。针对锂交换分子筛生产工艺中产生的含硅高钠含锂废水,开展了基于萃取法提锂的研究。以三正辛基氧膦(TOPO)-磺化煤油-苯甲酰三氟丙酮(HBTA)体系为萃取剂,从含锂废水中选择性提锂,考察了油水比、反萃剂的组成等对提锂效果的影响。研究发现首次萃取率可达97.8%;利用盐酸作为反萃剂从萃取相中脱除Li^(+)时,Li^(+)的脱除率最高达到20.2%;采用胶体凝聚法进行除硅,除硅率达到92.3%,Li^(+)的质量浓度升高至1411 mg·L^(-1);对除硅后的溶液进行萃取,油水体积比为1∶1时,油相中Li^(+)的质量浓度为1340 mg·L^(-1),Na^(+)的质量浓度为1481 mg·L^(-1),通过2次盐酸酸洗,最终可得到1190 mg·L^(-1)的Li^(+)溶液。Recovering lithium from lithium-containing wastewater reduces the waste of lithium resources and environmental pollution.This study focuses on lithium extraction from high-sodium,silicon-containing lithium wastewater generated during the production of lithium exchange molecular sieves.Using the tri-noctylphosphine oxide(TOPO)sulfonated kerosene 3-benzoyl-1,1,1-trifluoroacetone(HBTA)system as the extractant,the effects of oil-to-water ratio,composition of the stripping agent,and other factors on lithium extraction performance were explored.It was found that the initial extraction efficiency could reach 97.8%;when hydrochloric acid was used as the stripping agent,the removal rate of Li^(+)from the extraction phase could reach a maximum of 20.2%.Silicon was removed by the colloidal coagulation method,achieving a silicon removal rate of 92.3%and the mass concentration of Li^(+)increasing to 1411 mg·L^(-1).When the solution after silicon removal was extracted and the oil water volume ratio was 1∶1,the mass concentration of Li^(+)in the oil phase was 1340 mg·L^(-1),and the mass concentration of Na^(+)was 1481 mg·L^(-1).Finally,a Li^(+)solution with a concentration of 1190 mg·L^(-1) could be obtained through two rounds of hydrochloric acid pickling.

关 键 词：含锂废水 萃取法 萃取率 除硅 

分 类 号：TF804.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]