苯菌灵对城市废弃地植物群落多样性的影响  

Effect of Benomyl on Plant Community Diversity in UrbanWasteland

作　　者：叶诚诚 李侠[2] 戎婷婷[2] 白静[2] 杨改强[3] 霍丽娟[3] YE Chengcheng;LI Xia;RONG Tingting;BAI Jing;YANG Gaiqiang;HUO Lijuan(Wenzhou Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer Management Station,Wenzhou Zhejiang,325000;School of Agronomy and Life Science,Shanxi Datong University,Datong Shanxi,037009;School of Environment and Resources,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan Shanxi,030024)

机构地区：[1]温州市植物保护与土壤肥料管理站,浙江温州325000 [2]山西大同大学农学与生命科学学院,山西大同037009 [3]太原科技大学环境与资源学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《山西大同大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期83-90,115,共9页Journal of Shanxi Datong University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省科技合作交流专项[202204041101018];山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目[J20220875];山西大同大学教学改革项目[XJG2021235];山西大同大学博士教师科研启动项目[2022-B-02]。

摘　　要：目的为了探究苯菌灵添加对城市废弃地植物群落多样性的影响。方方法选取山西大同大学御东校区的一块城市废弃地为研究对象,设置苯菌灵(不添加苯菌灵和添加苯菌灵)和磷肥水平(P0、P1、P2、P3、P4)两因素完全试验,共10个处理,每个处理重复4次,共计布置40个样方,对植物物种丰度、总密度、总盖度等群落指标进行测定并进行多样性计算。结结果结果表明,试验样地中共分布有7科17属20种植物。苯菌灵对植物总密度和总盖度均无显著性影响。6月份,苯菌灵添加处理显著提高植物α-多样性(物种丰度、香农-威纳指数和均匀度指数);7月份,苯菌灵添加显著地降低均匀度指数,对其余α-多样性(物种丰度、香农-威纳指数)无显著影响。由置换多元方差分析和非度量多维度分析结果可知,除6月份植物群落相对盖度外,苯菌灵添加处理显著(p≤0.05)或轻微显著(p≤0.1)影响两个月份植物群落的相对密度和盖度。6月份添加苯菌灵后植物优势种从苍耳转变成针茅,7月份添加苯菌灵后植物优势种从针茅转变成狗尾草和虎尾草。结论 添加苯菌灵对城市废弃地植物的总密度和总盖度均无显著影响;对物种丰度、香农-威纳指数和均匀度指数等α-多样性指数均有显著性影响,其中添加苯菌灵处理在6月份时显著提高了物种丰度、香农-威纳指数和均匀度指数,在7月份时仅显著地降低了植物群落的均匀度指数,而对物种丰度、香农-威纳指数无显著影响;且对植物群落结构有一定程度的影响。Objective The effects of benomyl on plant community diversity in urban wasteland were investigated.Methods Urban wasteland in Yudong Campus of Shanxi Datong University was selected as trial site.The field trials included two factors,benomyl(add benomyl or not)and phosphate fertilizer(P0,P1,P2,P3,P4),and each trial was repeated four times.The field trials contain a total forty quadrats.Plant species richness,total density,total coverage were investigated and the plant diversity was calculated.Results The results showed:there were 20 plants species belonging to 17 genera and 7 families.Benomyl had no significant effects on plant total density and total coverage.In June,theα-diversity(plant species richness,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou’s evenness index)of plants significantly increased by benomyl addition.In July,benomyl addition significantly decreased evenness index,but had no influence on the otherα-diversity(plant species richness and Shannon-Wiener index)measurements.Permutational multivariate analysis and nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis revealed that plant relative density and plant relative coverage of plant community in June and July were significantly(P≤0.05)or slightly significantly(P≤0.1)impacted by benomyl addition(except for plant relative coverage of plant community in June).After added benomyl,prevailing plant shifted from Xanthium strumarium to Stipa capillata in June,and then to Setaria viridis and Chloris virgata in July.Conclusion In conclusion,benomyl had no significant effect on plant total density and total coverage in urban wasteland,but significantly altered plantα-diversity(plant species richness,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou’s evenness index).Specifically,benomyl significantly affected plant species richness,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou’s evenness index in June.In contrast,benomyl had no significant effects on plant species richness and Shannon-Wiener index in July.In addition,benomyl influenced plant community structure in July.

关 键 词：苯菌灵 植物群落 多样性 磷肥水平 城市废弃地 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]