渝北区2014—2023年50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiologic features of HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years and above in Yubei District from 2014 to 2023

作　　者：刘惠[1] 钱月 叶茂 徐瑛 黄歆 LIU Hui;QIAN Yue;YE Mao;XU Ying;HUANG Xin(Chongqing Yubei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市渝北区疾病预防控制中心,重庆401120

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2025年第3期242-245,253,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：2023年重庆市公共卫生重点专科(学科)建设项目(渝卫办发﹝2023﹞81号);重庆市渝北区科卫联合项目(2023YBKW13)。

摘　　要：目的分析2014—2023年渝北区50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例的流行特征,为制定老年人群艾滋病防控措施提供依据。方法通过艾滋病综合防治信息系统收集2014—2023年渝北区50岁及以上人群HIV/AIDS病例资料,采用描述性流行病学方法对病例流行病学特征进行统计和分析,分类资料采用χ^(2)检验。结果2014—2023年渝北区50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例共2080例,报告病例数占比呈总体上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=306.713,P<0.001);男女性别比为2.34∶1,男女性别比逐渐减小;HIV/AIDS病例以50~<65岁年龄组最多,占55.58%;婚姻状况以已婚或有配偶为主,占65.58%;文化水平以小学及以下为主,占52.16%;50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例感染途径中异性性行为传播占94.28%,男性传播途径以非婚商业性行为为主,女性以非婚非商业性行为及HIV抗体阳性配偶或性伴异性性行为为主;HIV/AIDS病例来源主要为医疗机构主动检测,占33.22%;50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例病死率为26.88%,高于全人群的14.10%。结论2014—2023年渝北区50岁及以上人群HIV/AIDS报告病例数占比呈上升趋势,异性性接触为主要传播途径,亟需开展针对性的检测干预措施,提高该人群的健康意识。Objective To analyze the epidemiologic features of HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years and above in Yubei District from 2014 to 2023,and to provide a basis for formulating AIDS prevention and control measures for the aged.Methods The data of HIV/AIDS cases among people aged 50 years and above in Yubei District from 2014 to 2023 were collected through the comprehensive AIDS prevention and control information system.Descriptive epidemiological method was used to statistically analyze the epidemiologic features of the cases,and the Chi-square test was used for categorical data.Results From 2014 to 2023,there were a total of 2080 HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years and above in Yubei District,and the percentage of reported cases showed an overall upward trend(χ^(2)=306.713,P<0.001).The ratio of male to female was 2.34∶1,with the ratio of male to female gradually decreasing.HIV/AIDS cases were mostly in the age group of 50-<65 years,accounting for 55.58%.Marital status was predominantly married or with a spouse,accounting for 65.58%.Educational level was mainly primary school or below accounting for 52.16%.Among the routes of infection for HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 and over,heterosexual behavior transmission accounted for 94.28%,with non-marital commercial sex as the main transmission route for men and non-marital non-commercial sex and HIV antibody positive spouses or sexual partners heterosexual behavior as the main transmission routes for women.The main source of HIV/AIDS cases was active testing by medical institutions,accounting for 33.22%.The mortality rate of HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years and above was 26.88%,which was higher than the 14.10%for the whole population.Conclusion From 2014 to 2023,the percentage of reported HIV/AIDS cases among people aged 50 years and above in Yubei District shows an increasing trend.Heterosexual contact is the main route of transmission,and it is urgently necessary to carry out targeted detection and intervention measures to the raise health awareness of this population.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒 艾滋病 新报告病例 流行特征 老年人 分析 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]