2018—2022年贵州省居民传染病防治素养水平及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of the literacy level of infectious disease prevention and control among residents in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2022 and its influencing factors

作　　者：陆小亚 洪峰[1] 陈慧娟[2] 胡以非[2] 郭晓艳 王娅娟 黄艳 LU Xiaoya;HONG Feng;CHEN Hujuan;HU Yifei;GUO Xiaoyan;WANG Yajuan;HUANG Yan(Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control,Ministry of Education,School of Public Health and Wellness,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou 561113,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳561113 [2]贵州省疾病预防控制中心健教所

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2025年第3期261-266,共6页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2021]027);贵州省卫健委科技基金项目(gzwkj2024-495)。

摘　　要：目的分析贵州省居民传染病防治素养水平及其影响因素,为制定有针对性的传染病防治政策、措施提供理论依据。方法采取分层多阶段抽样,于2018—2022年对贵州省15~<70岁居民进行问卷调查,在复杂抽样模块下进行描述性分析、χ^(2)检验差异性比较、logistic回归影响因素分析。结果2018—2022年居民传染病防治素养的水平分别为14.31%、14.11%、19.76%、20.05%、23.88%,呈上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=170.987,P<0.05);传染病防治素养水平城市高于农村,青年人高于老年人,素养水平高低与文化水平高低相关;影响因素有性别、年龄、文化程度。与女性相比,男性居民的传染病防治素养水平较低(OR=0.844,95%CI:0.768~0.928);与65~<70岁居民相比,15~<25岁居民的传染病防治素养水平较高(OR=1.610,95%CI:1.284~2.020);与不识字/少识字居民相比,大专及以上学历居民的传染病防治素养水平较高(OR=25.482,95%CI:20.585~31.543)。结论贵州省居民传染病防治素养水平总体呈上升趋势,却仍低于全国水平,应对提升薄弱知识点的知晓率制定针对性措施,开展重点人群老年人、低文化程度者的健康促进工作。Objective To analyze the literacy level of infectious disease prevention and control of residents in Guizhou Province and its influencing factors,and to provide theoretical basis for formulating targeted policies and measures for infectious disease prevention and control.Methods Stratified multi-stage sampling was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among residents aged 15-<70 years in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2022.Descriptive analysis,χ^(2)test difference comparison and logistic regression analysis of influencing factors were carried out under the complex sampling module.Results From 2018 to 2022,the levels of infectious disease prevention and control literacy of residents were 14.31%,14.11%,19.76%,20.05%and 23.88%,respectively,showing an increasing trend(χ_(trend)^(2)=170.987,P<0.05).The level of infectious disease prevention and control literacy were higher in urban than in rural areas,the youth was higher than the old,and the level of literacy was related to the level of education.The influencing factors were gender,age and education level.Compared with females,the literacy level of male residents was lower(OR=0.844,95%CI:0.768-0.928).Compared with 65-<70 years old residents,15-<25 years old residents had higher literacy level of infectious disease prevention and control(OR=1.610,95%CI:1.284-2.020).Compared with illiterate/less literate residents,the literacy level of infectious disease prevention and control of the residents with junior college educational background and above was higher(OR=25.482,95%CI:20.585-31.543).Conclusion The literacy level of infectious disease prevention and control of residents in Guizhou Province is on the rise,but it is still lower than the national level.Targeted measures should be formulated to improve the awareness rate of weak knowledge points,and health promotion work should be carried out for the elderly and people with low education level in key groups.

关 键 词：贵州省 传染病 健康素养 变化趋势 影响因素 分析 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]