青海省羊种布鲁菌抗菌药物敏感性分析  

Analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility of Brucella melitensis in Qinghai Province

作　　者：赵忠智[1] 姜海[2] 薛红梅[1] 王建玲[1] 杨旭欣[1] 赵鸿雁[2] 赵元博[1] 马丽[1] 张雪飞[1] 李积权[1] ZHAO Zhongzhi;JIANG Hai;XUE Hongmei;WANG Jianling;YANG Xuxin;ZHAO Hongyan;ZHAO Yuanbo;MA Li;ZHANG Xuefei;LI Jiquan(Department of Brucellosis Prevention and Control,Qinghai Institute for Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control,Xining,Qinghai 810021,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所布鲁菌病预防控制科,青海西宁810021 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所(国家重点实验室感染性疾病诊治协同创新中心)

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2025年第2期128-131,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：青海省科技厅科研项目(2023-QY-202);2023年度青海省“昆仑英才·科技领军人才”自然科学与工程技术学科带头人培养项目(青人才子[2024]1号);青海省2020年度“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才”项目(青卫健办[2021]104号);青海省卫生健康委指导性课题(2020-wjzdx-107)。

摘　　要：目的检测青海省分离的羊种布鲁菌对抗菌药物的敏感性,了解青海省布鲁菌株对抗菌药物的耐药性。方法对2015—2020年人全血中分离的布鲁菌采用传统单相特异性血清凝集试验(A因子、M因子和R因子)、布鲁菌噬菌体裂解试验(Tb噬菌体、BK2噬菌体)、染料抑菌试验和分子生物学方法[布鲁菌细胞表面蛋白-31(Brucella cell surface protein-31,BCSP-31)-PCR,牛种、羊种、绵羊附睾种和猪种布鲁菌(abortus melitensis ovis suis,AMOS)-PCR]进行种、型鉴定。用微量稀释法对31株布鲁菌进行12种抗菌药物的耐药检测。采用描述流行病学方法进行分析,率的检验采用χ^(2)检验。结果31株布鲁菌经鉴定为布鲁菌羊种Ⅲ型。所测试菌株中,4株布鲁菌对阿奇霉素的最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)为8.000mg/L(中介),1株布鲁菌对阿奇霉素的MIC为16.000mg/L,有耐药性,3株布鲁菌对利福平的MIC为2.000mg/L(中介)。除阿奇霉素和利福平外,所有羊种布鲁菌对另外10种抗菌药物均敏感。2015—2020年从人全血中分离的羊种布鲁菌,对不同抗菌药物的耐药率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.421,P<0.05)。结论所测试菌株对WHO推荐治疗布鲁菌病的抗菌药物药敏普遍敏感,少量菌株出现中介及耐药,建议全面监测布鲁菌对抗菌药物的耐药性。Objective To detect the antimicrobial susceptibility of Brucella melitensis isolated from Qinghai Province,and to understand the antimicrobial drug resistance of Brucella strains.Methods Species and type identification of Brucella strains isolated from human whole blood from 2015 to 2020 was performed using the traditional single-phase specific serum agglutination test(A factor,M factor and R factor),Brucella phage(Tb phage,BK2 phage)lysis test,dye antibacterial test,and molecular biology methods[Brucella cell surface protein-31(BCSP-31)-PCR,and B.abortus,B.melitensis,B.ovis and B.suis(AMOS)-PCR].The drug resistance of 12 antimicrobial agents was detected in 31 Brucella strains by the microdilution method.Descriptive epidemiological method was used for analysis,and the rate was tested using theχ^(2)test.Results A total of 31 Brucella strains were identified as Brucella melitensis typeⅢ.Among the tested strains,four Brucella strains had a minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of azithromycin as 8.000mg/L(intermediate),one Brucella strain had a MIC of azithromycin as 16.000mg/L and was resistant,and three Brucella strains had a MIC of rifampin as 2.000mg/L(intermediate).In addition to azithromycin and rifampicin,all Brucella melitensis strains were sensitive to the other 10 antimicrobial agents.The difference in the resistance rate to different antimicrobial agents was statistically significant(χ^(2)=16.421,P<0.05)among Brucella melitensis isolated from human whole blood from 2015 to 2020.Conclusion There is general sensitivity to the antimicrobial agents recommended by WHO for the treatment of brucellosis in antimicrobial susceptibility tests among the tested strains,with a small number of strains showing intermediate and resistant.Comprehensive monitoring of the antimicrobial agent resistance to Brucella is recommended.

关 键 词：青海省 布鲁菌 聚合酶链反应 抗菌药物 药敏试验 最低抑菌浓度 耐药性 分析 

分 类 号：R516.7[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]