2021—2023年四川省泸县农村地区居民钩虫感染现状调查  

Survey on the current status of Hookworm infection among residents in rural areas of Lu County,Sichuan Province from 2021 to 2023

作　　者：陈倚 王昭 王达丽 唐兴珍 陈梦玲 何雪连 CHEN Yi;WANG Zhao;WANG Dali;TANG Xingzhen;CHEN Mengling;HE Xuelian(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Lu County,Luzhou,Sichuan 646100,China)

机构地区：[1]泸县疾病预防控制中心检验科,四川泸州646100

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2025年第2期157-160,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金——基于系统论理论的钩虫病干预机制模型构建及其现场验证项目(81973108)。

摘　　要：目的了解四川省泸县2021—2023年农村居民钩虫感染现状,以探索优化防治策略和措施。方法采用改良加藤厚涂片法对监测点常住居民粪便中的钩虫卵进行检查,试管滤纸培养法进行钩蚴培养,鉴定钩虫种类,计算泸县钩虫感染率和感染度,率的比较及感染率的组间分析采用χ^(2)检验,有序分组资料采用线性趋势χ^(2)检验。采用45℃,5%盐水对监测点土壤进行钩蚴分离。结果泸县农村地区居民钩虫感染均为美洲钩虫感染,平均感染率为16.37%,绝大部分为轻度感染;不同年份钩虫平均感染率呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)_(趋势)=27.639,P<0.001)。不同地区、不同年龄、不同职业、不同文化程度居民的钩虫感染率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=27.796、82.674、47.267、26.258,P<0.001);不同性别居民的钩虫感染率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.317,P=0.069);土壤中钩蚴分离阳性率为10.67%。结论泸县农村地区居民钩虫感染率较高,总体呈下降趋势,仍处于较高流行水平,感染者数量多却感染程度轻。应将45岁以上的中老年人作为重点防治人群,落实有效的防控措施。Objective To understand the current status of Hookworm infection in rural residents in Lu County,Sichuan Province from 2021 to 2023,so as to explore and optimize control strategies and measures.Methods The eggs of Hookworm in the feces of permanent residents in the monitoring points were examined by the Kato-Katz method,and the Hookworm larvae were cultured by the test tube filter paper culture method to identify the species of Hookworm.The infection rate and infection degree of Hookworm in Lu County were calculated.The comparison of the rate and the analysis of infection rate among groups were performed by Chi-square test,and the ordered group data was performed by linear trend Chi-square test.The soil of the monitoring point was used to separate the Hookworm larvae by 45℃,5%salt water.Results All Hookworm infections in rural area of Lu County were American Hookworm infections.The average infection rate was 16.37%,and most of them were mild infection.The average infection rate of Hookworm in different years showed a decreasing trend,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)_(trend)=27.639,P<0.001).There were statistically significant differences in Hookworm infection rate among residents of different regions,different ages,different occupations and different education levels(χ^(2)=27.796,82.674,47.267,26.258,P<0.001).There was no statistically significant difference in Hookworm infection rate among residents of different genders(χ^(2)=3.317,P=0.069).The positive rate of Hookworm larvae isolation in soil was 10.67%.Conclusion The infection rate of Hookworm among residents in rural areas of Lu County is relatively high.Although showing a downward trend overall,it is still at a high epidemic level,with a large number of infected people yet a light degree of infection.Middle-aged and elderly people over the age of 45 should be the key prevention and control groups,and effective prevention and control measures should be implemented.

关 键 词：钩虫 感染 农村地区 中老年人 土源性线虫 监测 土壤 

分 类 号：R532.1[医药卫生—内科学]