冲击下黄铁矿脱硫及其对地球早期环境的影响  

Shock-Induced Desulfurization of Natural Pyrite and Its Implications for the Early Earth’s Environment

作　　者：吴杰 甘波 宋文豪 唐灿莲 张友君 WU Jie;GAN Bo;SONG Wenhao;TANG Canlian;ZHANG Youjun(Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,Sichuan,China;State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering,Chengdu 610065,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学原子与分子物理研究所,四川成都610065 [2]深地工程智能建造与健康运维全国重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2025年第3期1-13,共13页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(GZC20231765);四川省科技计划项目(2023NSFSC1910)。

摘　　要：陨石撞击事件被认为是早期地球大气成分变化的重要驱动因素之一,对生物演化产生了深远影响。含硫矿物在这类自然撞击事件中的物理化学行为对于理解硫元素在地球海洋-大气系统演化中的作用至关重要。为此,通过天然含硫矿物黄铁矿(FeS2)在约20和55 GPa冲击压力下的回收实验探究其在高速撞击条件下的分解特性。实验结果表明,在约55 GPa的冲击压力下,黄铁矿部分分解为磁黄铁矿和单质硫,揭示了黄铁矿在陨石撞击相关环境下具有热力学不稳定性,并伴随着硫的释放。这一脱硫反应可能为含硫气体注入海洋和大气系统提供了新的路径,由此引发的环境变化可能与约2.5亿年前二叠纪末期的生物灭绝事件存在关联,为理解该时期的生物危机提供了重要线索。Meteorite impact events are considered as important influences on the composition of Earth’s early atmosphere,with substantial implications for biological evolution.The physicochemical behavior of sulfur-bearing minerals during such natural impact events is crucial for understanding the role of sulfur in the evolution of Earth’s ocean-atmosphere system.Here,we conducted shock recovery experiments on natural pyrite(FeS2)under shock pressures of approximately 20 and 55 GPa to investigate its decomposition characteristics under high-velocity impact.The experimental results indicate that pyrite undergoes partially decomposition into pyrrhotite and sulfur at the shock pressure of about 55 GPa,revealing its thermodynamic instability and the release of sulfur vapor.Our results suggest that the desulfurization of pyrite during meteorite impacts may contribute to the release of sulfur gases into oceanic and atmospheric systems.Such environmental changes may be linked to the Permian-Triassic mass extinction event approximately 250 million years ago,providing important insights into the biological crises of that era.

关 键 词：黄铁矿 冲击回收 脱硫 海洋-大气 生物灭绝 

分 类 号：O521.21[理学—高压高温物理]