土壤消毒对连作苹果园土壤细菌群落结构的影响  

Effect of soil disinfection on bacterial community structures of replanted apple soil

作　　者：张丹 杨光柱[2] 黄文静[2] 唐昕 黄国嫣 郑丽萍[2] 李云国 龚占斌 王斌 李帆[2] 马钧[2] 全勇 Zhang Dan;Yang Guangzhu;Huang Wenjing;Tang Xin;Huang Guoyan;Zheng Liping;Li Yunguo;Gong Zhanbin;Wang Bin;Li Fan;Ma Jun;Quan Yong(Apple Industry Development Center of Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000;Horticultural Crop Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Zhaotong Zhaoyang District Apple Industry Development Center)

机构地区：[1]昭通市苹果产业发展中心,云南657000 [2]云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 [3]昭通市昭阳区苹果产业发展中心

出　　处：《中国果树》2025年第2期22-28,38,共8页China Fruits

基　　金：云南省昭阳区苹果产业科技特派团项目(202104BI090028)。

摘　　要：为明确不同土壤消毒剂对土壤消毒效果的影响,研究了石硫合剂、福尔马林对连作苹果园土壤细菌群落结构的影响,以期为防治苹果再植病提供科学依据。以石硫合剂、福尔马林消毒以及清水浇灌(对照)的连作苹果园土壤为材料,利用细菌16S核糖体基因高通量测序技术,研究2种消毒剂对连作苹果园土壤细菌群落结构的影响。结果表明:高通量测序共得到5844个细菌分类单元(operational taxonomic units,OTUs),其中2085个OTUs为3个处理共有;石硫合剂、福尔马林、对照分别特有769、775、644个OTUs。与对照相比,石硫合剂、福尔马林消毒后土壤细菌Shannon指数均显著降低,Simpson指数均显著或极显著升高;PCoA分析显示,不同处理土壤中细菌群落结构存在明显差异。与对照相比,石硫合剂处理有6个门的相对丰度发生显著变化,其中酸杆菌门、厚壁菌门、TM7、WPS-2显著增加,而芽单胞菌门、硝化螺旋菌门显著降低;福尔马林处理芽单胞菌门显著降低,TM7显著升高。在相对丰度≥1.00%条件下,石硫合剂处理、福尔马林处理和对照分别有10、9、8个优势属,其中石硫合剂和福尔马林处理共有优势属4个,而2个消毒处理与对照均无共有优势属。石硫合剂、福尔马林消毒后,土壤细菌的多样性降低,但细菌的功能未发生显著性改变。石硫合剂消毒对细菌门组成的影响大于福尔马林消毒,2种广谱性消毒剂均改变了土壤细菌优势属的组成。其中,与福尔马林消毒相比,石硫合剂消毒更有利于有益菌酸杆菌门和芽孢杆菌属的积累。In order to understand the effects of different soil disinfectants on soil disinfection,the effects of lime sulphur(LS)and formalin(FM)on soil bacterial community structure in continuous cropping apple orchards were studied in order to provide scientific basis for the control of apple replant disease.This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of soil disinfection with LS,FM and clear water treatment(control)on bacterial communities in the soil with apple replant disease.High throughput sequencing technology of bacterial 16S ribosomal genes was utilized to study the effect of soil disinfection on soil bacterial community structure of replanted apple.The results showed that high throughput sequencing finally gained 5,844 bacterial operational taxonomic units(OTUs),of which 2,085 OTUs were shared by three treatments.There were 769,775 and 644 OTUs in LS,FM and control respectively.Compared with the control,the shannon index was significantly decrease and the simpson index was significantly or extremely significantly increase in the soil of disinfected by LS and FM.Furthermore,PCoA analysis showed that the structure among three treatments were different.Compared with the control,the relative abundances of six phyla in the lime sulphur disinfect were significantly changed,among which Acidobacteria,Firmicutes,TM7 and WPS-2 were significantly increased,while Gemmatimonadetes and Nitrospirae were significantly decreased.However,two phyla in the formalin disinfected were significantly changed(Gemmatimonadetes was significantly reduced and TM7 was significantly increased).There were respectively 10,9 and 8 dominant genera in the LS-treat,FM-treat,and control.Among them,4 dominant genera were commonly owned by the LS-treat and FM-treat,but no common genus was found among the disinfected and control.However,the function analysis showed that the function of soil bacterial community had no significant difference among three treatment.The LS-treat have stringer influence in on the composition of bacterial phylum than the F

关 键 词：土壤消毒 苹果连作障碍 石硫合剂 土壤细菌 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]