不同生长调节剂对芒果果实膨大和品质的影响  

Effects of several growth regulation substances on fruit expansion and quality in mango

作　　者：吴朋浩 黄慧俐 陈千付 王烨熔 韦兰洁 谢晓娜 朱正杰 李曦 Wu Penghao;Huang Huili;Chen Qianfu;Wang Yerong;Wei Lanjie;Xie Xiaona;Zhu Zhengjie;Li Xi(College of Agriculture and Food Engineeringe,Baise University/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Mango/Industrial College of Subtropical Characteristic Agriculture,533000;Baise Modern Agricultural Technology Research and Extension Center;Huazhong Agricultural University)

机构地区：[1]百色学院农业与食品工程学院,广西芒果生物学重点实验室,亚热带特色农业产业学院,533000 [2]百色市现代农业技术研究推广中心 [3]华中农业大学

出　　处：《中国果树》2025年第2期76-84,共9页China Fruits

基　　金：广西青年科学基金(2022GXNSFBA035558);广西一流学科农业资源与环境建设项目(桂教科研[2022]1号)。

摘　　要：以台农芒果为试验材料,设置喷施GA7(1、2、5、10 mg/L)、GA_(3)(25、50、75 mg/L)、200mg/L CPPU+TDZ(50、100 mg/L)和清水对照共10个处理,通过监测台农芒果有胚果和无胚果生育期果实横径、纵径、厚径的动态变化,以及成熟果实单果重、可食率、果实色泽、可溶性固形物含量、总酸含量、固酸比、维生素C含量和果形指数等指标的对比分析,研究不同种类以及不同浓度生长调节剂对台农芒果有胚果和无胚果全生育期果实膨大和果实品质的影响,探究促进果实膨大的适宜生长调节剂的种类和浓度。结果表明,喷施10 mg/L GA7、25 mg/L GA_(3)处理后第2周和第5周均促进了有胚果果实横径、纵径和厚径的增加,喷施50 mg/L GA_(3)处理对无胚果果实膨大有明显的促进作用。不同浓度生长调节剂处理对成熟有胚果平均单果重、可食率、总酸含量、维生素C含量和果形指数均无显著促进作用;但喷施5 mg/L GA7、50 mg/L GA_(3)处理均显著增加了有胚果果实可溶性固形物含量;喷施1、2 mg/L GA7,25、75 mg/L GA_(3)和200 mg/L CPPU+50 mg/L TDZ处理均显著增加了果实固酸比。不同浓度生长调节剂处理对成熟无胚果可食率、可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量基本无显著增加效果,对果实a^(*)、b^(*)值影响均不显著,喷施75 mg/L GA_(3)和200 mg/L CPPU+100 mg/L TDZ处理均显著促进了单果重的增加,喷施25 mg/L GA_(3)处理显著增加了果实总酸含量,喷施1、2 mg/L GA7处理均显著促进了果实固酸比,喷施75 mg/L GA_(3)处理显著增加了果形指数。因此,谢花末期喷施50 mg/L GA_(3)处理第2周至第5周能显著促进无胚果果实膨大且提高单果重,建议生产上可在谢花末期喷施50 mg/L GA_(3)以提高单果重来提高产量,同时对果实内在品质的影响较小。To study the optimal concentrations in three kinds of growth regulatory substances on fruit expansion and fruit quality during the whole growth period of embryonic and non-embryonic mango fruits.10 treatments including GA7(1 mg/L,2 mg/L,5 mg/L,10 mg/L),GA_(3)(25 mg/L,50 mg/L,75 mg/L),200 mg/L CPPU+TDZ(50 mg/L,100 mg/L)and water(CK)were sprayed.‘Tainong’mango trees were used as experimental material.We monitored the dynamic changes of transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter and thickness diameter in embryonic and non-embryonic fruits during fruit development period,and analyzed the single fruit weight,edible rate,fruit color,soluble solid content,total acid content,solid-acid ratio,vitamin C content and fruit shape index in embryonic and non-embryonic ripe fruits.The results showed that 10 mg/L GA7 and 25 mg/L GA_(3) increased transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter and thickness diameter of embryonic fruit at the second week and the fifth week.50 mg/L GA_(3) significantly increased fruit weight in ripe non-embryonic fruit.There was no significant effect on average fruit weight,edible rate,total acid content,vitamin C content and fruit shape index in ripe embryonic fruit.However,5 mg/L GA7 and 50 mg/L GA_(3) significantly increased the soluble solid content of embryonic fruits.GA7(1 mg/L and 2 mg/L),GA_(3)(25 mg/L and 75 mg/L),200 mg/L CPPU+50 mg/L TDZ significantly increased the solid-to-acid ratio of embryonic fruit.The edible rate,soluble solids and vitamin C content of non-embryonic fruits were not significantly increased in different concentrations growth regulatory substances treatment.The effect on a^(*)and b^(*)is not significant.75 mg/L GA_(3) and 200 mg/L CPPU+100 mg/L TDZ significantly increased the single fruit weight in non-embryonic fruit.25 mg/L GA_(3) significantly increased the total acid content;GA7(1 mg/L and 2 mg/L)significantly increased the solid-acid ratio in non-embryonic fruits.75 mg/L GA_(3) significantly increased the fruit shape index in non-embryonic fruit.Therefore,50 mg/L GA_

关 键 词：芒果 台农 生长调节剂 果实膨大 果实品质 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]