我国烟草移栽技术进展与展望  

Progress and Prospect of Tobacco Transplanting Technology in China

作　　者：王晓宾[1] 李东昊 贺广生[1] 何振峰 曾山[2] 杨文武[2] Wang Xiaobin;Li Donghao;He Guangsheng;He Zhenfeng;Zeng Shan;Yang Wenwu(China Tobacco Corporation Guangdong Province company,Guangzhou 510635,China;College of Engineering,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司广东省公司,广东广州510635 [2]华南农业大学工程学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《现代农业装备》2025年第1期10-22,68,共14页Modern Agricultural Equipment

基　　金：广东烟田适用耕整和移栽装备及配套农艺研究(粤烟科项202204)。

摘　　要：烟草是我国重要的经济作物,由于烟苗移栽种植的特殊性,烟苗移栽机械化水平较低。采用文献综述法和归纳总结法综述了我国烟草移栽种植农艺、移栽机械化、自动化和智能化的研究进展;简述了我国烟草移栽的流程环节并结合农艺标准和农艺移栽技术归纳农机农艺融合的实现方式;将可用于烟草移栽的农业机械分为自动取送苗装置和栽植装置2个部分,分别阐述了机构形式、优劣特点,以移栽效率、取投苗成功率、基质破损率等性能参数为评价指标对现有技术的应用情况进行研究,通过分析现有移栽机的自动控制技术、作业质量检测及视觉识别技术,指出了目前主要的移栽自动化和智能化发展趋势,进而论述了我国烟草移栽技术应用中存在的问题并提出了解决措施及未来发展方向。Tobacco is an important cash crop in China.Due to the particularity of tobacco seedling transplanting,the mechanization level of tobacco seedling transplanting is low.By means of literature review and summary,this paper summarizes the research progress of agronomy,mechanization,automation and intelligence of tobacco transplanting in China.In this paper,the process of tobacco transplanting in China was briefly described,and the realization of the integration of agricultural machinery and agricultural technology was summarized by combining agronomic standard and agronomic transplanting technology.The agricultural machinery that can be used for tobacco transplanting was divided into two parts:automatic taking and sending seedling device and planting device.The automatic taking and sending seedling device can be divided into top out type,clip type and straight down type according to the method of taking and sending,and the planting device can be divided into duck-bill type,clamp type,flexible disc type,catheter seedling type and hanging basket type.Based on the performance parameters such as transplanting efficiency,seedling success rate and matrix breakage rate,the application of the existing technology was studied,and the main development trends of transplanting automation and intelligence were pointed out by analyzing the automatic control technology,job quality detection and visual recognition technology of the existing transplanting machine.This paper analyzed the current automatic transplanting technology,the application of transplanting technology and the existing problems in tobacco transplanting in our country,discussed the existing problems in the application of tobacco transplanting technology,and put forward the solutions and the future development direction.

关 键 词：烟草 移栽农艺 自动化移栽 取投苗 研究进展 

分 类 号：TS41[农业科学—烟草工业]