基于面密度补偿的高速弹丸多重撞击防护方法  

A protection method against multiple high-speed projectile impacts based on areal density compensation method

作　　者：刘振皓[1] 宋俊柏 罗鹰[2] 曾鸿[2] 李志强[1] 王建民[1] LIU Zhenhao;SONG Junbai;LUO Ying;ZENG Hong;LI Zhiqiang;WANG Jianmin(Science and Technology on Reliability and Environment Engineering Laboratory,Beijing Institute of Structure and Environment Engineering,Beijing 100076,China;DFH Satellite Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京强度环境研究所可靠性与环境工程技术重点实验室,北京100076 [2]航天东方红卫星有限公司,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器环境工程》2025年第1期16-21,共6页Spacecraft Environment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(编号:U20B2002);可靠性与环境工程技术重点实验室基金项目(编号:61420040301)。

摘　　要：为了对高速弹丸多重撞击进行防护,同时避免过度增加防护结构的面密度,文章提出一种多重撞击概率分析方法,通过假设多发弹丸随机分布并忽略小概率事件,确定需进行防护的撞击重数。在对单重撞击进行有效防护的基础上,提出面密度补偿方法。以100发圆柱形铝合金弹丸依次撞击边长为2000 mm的正方形组合靶板为例,开展二级轻气炮试验验证。结果表明,该实例可仅考虑二重撞击防护。文章在原有防护结构——总面密度为37.5 kg/m^(2)的两层铝合金板/超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)板——的基础上,增加了面密度为25 kg/m^(2)的“芳纶/碳化硼陶瓷(B4C)/UHMWPE板”层板。这一改进的防护结构能够对弹丸速度为1.8 km/s+1.9 km/s的二重撞击进行有效防护。所做研究可为多次撞击防护结构的设计提供参考。A method for protecting against high-speed projectile impacts without excessively increasing the areal density of the protective structures was proposed in this paper,based on probability analysis for multiple impacts.Assuming a random distribution of multiple projectiles and neglecting low-probability events,the number of impacts that require protection was identified.Building upon the foundation of effective single-impact protection,an areal density compensation method was presented.A light gas gun test was conducted on 100 cylindrical aluminum alloy projectiles that sequentially impacted a square composite target plate with a side length of 2000 mm.The results indicate that dual-impact protection is sufficient for the tested scenario.An additional layer of aramid/boron carbide(B4C)/UHMWPE plate with an areal density of 25 kg/m^(2) was incorporated into the existing protective structure,which consists of two layers of aluminum alloy plates and UHMWPE plates with a combined areal density of 37.5 kg/m^(2).The enhanced protective structure was effective in withstanding sequential impacts at velocities of 1.8 km/s and 1.9 km/s.The approach provides a reference for designing protective structures against multiple impacts.

关 键 词：高速弹丸 多重撞击 防护结构 面密度补偿方法 概率分析 

分 类 号：V423.41[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]