基于机器视觉的膜上精量穴播方法及应用  

Method and Application of Precision Seeding on Membrane based on Machine Vision

作　　者：范宝鹤 钱营 郭开治 FAN Bao-he;QIAN Ying;GUO Kai-zhi(Gansu Productivity Promotion Center,Lanzhou 730030,Gansu,China;Agricultural Mechanization Technology Promotion Station of Liangzhou District,Wuwei 733000,Gansu,China;Gansu Tiancheng Agricultural Equipment Manufacturing Company,Wuwei 733000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省生产力促进中心,甘肃兰州730030 [2]武威市凉州区农业机械化技术推广站,甘肃武威733000 [3]甘肃天诚农机具制造有限公司,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《机械研究与应用》2025年第1期176-179,183,共5页Mechanical Research & Application

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划项目技术创新引导计划中小企业创新基金项目:适用性强的玉米种子高效精量播种关键技术开发与应用(编号:22CX3GH008)。

摘　　要：盘式结构的排种装置由于受到种子形状、体积多样性的影响而在播种过程中易出现漏播、多播甚至空穴现象,其播种不均匀问题直接影响农作物生产质量及播种效率。该文针对甘肃地区玉米、大豆、高原夏菜等不同类型主要经济作物提出一种基于机器视觉的膜上精量穴播方法。首先在候种区采用携带光源的CCD模组获取种子分布及数量情况,同时解决因受光不均匀导致的目标模糊问题;然后采用OTSU图像分割方法获取种子中心并进行计数;最后根据计数情况进行决策,对漏种进行补种,对多种实施减种。对玉米、大豆以及高原夏菜种子的实验结果表明,该方法的排种精度(以每个种坑2个种子为例)分别为99.46%、99.85%以及97.78%,相较于传统的排种方法,其精度得到极大提升。Affected by the diversity of seed shape and volume,the disk-based seed arrangement is prone to missing seeding,multi-seeding and even cavitation during seeding.The uneven seeding directly affects the quality of crop production and seeding efficiency.In this paper,a precision plant-seeding method based on machine vision was proposed for different types of major cash crops such as corn,soybean and plateau summer vegetable in Gansu province.Firstly,The CCD module with light source is adopted in the seed waiting area to obtain the distribution and quantity of seeds,and to solve the problem of target blurring caused by uneven light exposure.Then the OTSU image segmentation method was performed to obtain seed centres and count them.Finally,decisions are made according to the counts,with replenishment for omissions and thinning for overplanted seeds.The experimental results of corn,soybean,and plateau summer vegetable seeds show that the seeding accuracy of this method(taking 2 seeds per seed pit as an example)is 99.46%,99.85%,and 97.78%respectively,which is improved compared to the traditional seeding method.

关 键 词：穴播 漏种 机器视觉 OTSU 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]