“为就业”与“为人生”的权衡:高等教育价值立场的审思  

“Education for Employment”vs“Education for Life”:Rethinking the Role of Higher Education

作　　者：沈雁 程晋宽[1] Shen Yan;Cheng Jinkuan

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学教育科学学院,南京210097 [2]湖州师范学院教师教育学院

出　　处：《现代大学教育》2025年第1期12-21,112,共11页Modern University Education

基　　金：2024年度江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目“我国高校毕业生高质量充分就业研究”,项目编号:SJCX24_0606。

摘　　要：“为就业”与“为人生”是两种相互关联的高等教育价值立场。从中世纪到现代社会,高等教育在满足外部需求的实践逻辑中持续寻求两者的平衡。受实用主义影响,高等教育育人导向和就业导向之间的平衡极易被打破,使高等教育面临受教育者发展维度单一化、学科专业体系市场化和高等教育本体工具化困境。这不仅束缚了高等教育功能的发挥,也阻碍了人的全面发展。接受高等教育的最终目的不仅是为了就业,更是为了幸福人生。面对工作世界加快变革,高等教育应基于人的长远发展审视就业问题,使受教育者有能力应对未来生活中的风险挑战。唯有将高等教育的重心从“为就业”转移到“为人生”,重申以人为中心的教育理念,以复杂性思维培育构造得宜的头脑,以自主性与创造性应对不确定性,才更有助于实现人对美好生活的向往。Since their establishment in the Middle Ages,colleges and universities have been striving to balance their dual roles,namely,“education for employment”and“education for life”.However,in modern society,this balance between“cultivating humanity”and“career preparation”has been broken,due to the prevailing utilitarian views on education.As a result,college students have become“one-dimensional”men;on the other hand,higher education has been marketized and turned into a means to gain financial returns.This not only hinders the development of higher education,but also is detrimental to the all-round development of students.In fact,higher education is not just for employment,but for a happy life.Therefore,we need to promote human-centered education,take the long-term view in a rapidly changing work world,and equip students with agency,creativity as well as a complexity mindset to help them cope with uncertainty in life.

关 键 词：高等教育 教育功能 价值立场 为就业 为人生 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]