深海环境下环氧重防腐涂层的防护机理和应用研究进展  

Research Progress on the Protection Mechanism and Application of Epoxy Heavy-duty Anti-corrosion Coatings in Deep-sea Environments

作　　者：王朴炎 俞嘉辉 臧显峰 曹求洋 郭小平 刘栓 WANG Puyan;YU Jiahui;ZANG Xianfeng;CAO Qiuyang;GUO Xiaoping;LIU Shuan(Ningbo Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315000,China;Guangdong Landiwei Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518107,China;State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co.,Ltd.Research Institute,Hangzhou 310010,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials,Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市电力设计院有限公司,宁波315000 [2]广东蓝迪威工程技术有限公司,深圳518107 [3]国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,杭州310010 [4]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所海洋关键材料重点实验室,宁波315201

出　　处：《中国表面工程》2024年第6期135-145,共11页China Surface Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFC2809901);宁波市电力设计院有限公司科技项目(KJXM2022053);变电站惰性气体泡沫灭火系统(IGFS)灭火关键技术研究及应用(KJKY20230277)。

摘　　要：随着陆地矿产资源的日益枯竭,开采深海中的矿产资源显得尤为紧迫和重要,但深海采矿装备都会面临严重的海水腐蚀。涂装环氧重防腐涂料是深海环境中对海工装备最重要也是最普遍的防护手段,阐明环氧重防腐涂层的防护机理和深海环境因素对涂层防护性能的影响具有重要意义。环氧重防腐涂层可通过物理屏蔽作用、缓蚀效应和电化学保护功能对深海装备进行长效防护。物理屏蔽效应是环氧涂层的基本功能,可通过调整配方中的颜基比、颜料体积浓度和搭配不同的固化剂等方式来提高环氧涂层的物理阻隔性能。在环氧树脂中添加涂层缓蚀剂和电负性更负的颜料,可与涂层本身物理屏蔽作用互为补充,协同提升环氧涂层的防护性能。深海高压会加速水分子在环氧涂层中的渗透速率,当水分子渗透涂层与金属基底接触后,水分子会导致金属基底发生电化学腐蚀反应,并降低环氧涂层在金属基底的附着力,导致涂层剥落和涂层失效。海水温度和海水pH值对环氧涂层防护性能的影响较小。海水流速会加速环氧涂层的冲蚀磨损,海生物污损对环氧涂层的影响有限。综述结果旨在阐明环氧重防腐涂层在深海环境下对金属的防护机理,探讨深海环境因素对环氧重防腐涂层防腐性能的影响规律,对深海环境用重防腐涂层内部结构调控和可控制备具有重要指导意义。综述相关研究现状不仅能指出现有研究的不足及未来研究的展开方向,还能为开发更高抗腐蚀性、更好阻隔性和更长寿命的新型环氧重防腐涂层提供理论依据。The increasing depletion of land mineral resources has made their exploration and utilization in deep sea particularly important and urgent. However, deep-sea mining equipment can not suffer from severe seawater corrosion. The application of epoxy heavy-duty anti-corrosion coatings is the most important and common protective measure for marine equipment in deep-sea environments. Therefore, clarification of the protective mechanism of heavy-duty epoxy anti-corrosion coatings and the influence of deep-sea environmental factors on protective performance is of great significance. Developed countries have begun to introduce advancements into deep-sea mining equipment to perform mining operations at different seawater depths. With the exploration and development of deep-sea resources in China and the proposal of the strategic goal “going to deep-sea oceans”, the country's marine construction process has moved from near-shallow to deep sea. Although an increasing number of marine facilities have been developed for deep-sea exploration and extraction, they suffer serious corrosion damage due to the harsh environment in the deep sea.Galvanic, pitting, and uniform corrosion types are common and seriously threaten the structural safety and decrease the life of facilities because of their strong destructive effects. The failure of heavy-duty anticorrosion coatings in deep-sea environments seriously threatens the reliable operation and long-term service safety of deep-sea equipment. The deep-sea environment includes corrosion factors, such as static seawater pressure, alternating pressure, marine biofouling, as well as seawater temperature, pH, and flow rate. The protective effect of epoxy heavy-duty anticorrosion coatings on marine equipment varies in different deep-sea corrosive environments. Heavy-duty epoxy anti-corrosion coatings can provide long-term protection for deep-sea equipment through physical shielding, corrosion inhibition, and electrochemical protection. The physical shielding effect is the basic function

关 键 词：深海环境 重防腐涂层 防腐机理 失效 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理] TB114[金属学及工艺—金属学]