人工智能的技术治理与法律治理  

Technical and Legal Governance of Artificial Intelligence

作　　者：孙国瑞[1] 刘伟斌 Sun Guorui;Liu Weibin(School of Law,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学法学院,北京100191

出　　处：《科技与法律(中英文)》2025年第2期1-10,共10页Science Technology and Law(Chinese-English Version)

摘　　要：技术治理作为一种技术性或技术化的治理活动,更加关注人与技术在治理活动中的互动关系。应用到人工智能治理之中,技术治理的思维不仅要求对人工智能的治理从传统约束式治理理念向促进式治理理念的转变,更需要技术摆脱以往作为治理对象的思维惯性,实现人工智能技术的自我治理。然而,以技术治理的思维治理人工智能并非简单的规则套用,在实践中容易存在规范思维“陷阱”、技术治理不能以及伦理风险等困境。对这一问题的解决,不仅需要综合考量技术治理与法律治理之间相互调节的作用,实现“技”与“法”相互调节的规范治理,还应完善以技术标准为主的软法规范体系,避免技术实施标准的模糊与手段的僵化。同时,强调更加负责任的人工智能伦理规范引导,以实现更加持续、健康的人工智能技术发展。As a technical or technologized governance activity,technical governance places greater emphasis on the in⁃teractive relationship between individuals and technology within governance processes.When applied to the gover⁃nance of artificial intelligence(AI),the framework of technical governance requires not only a reevaluation of tradi⁃tional constraints surrounding governance philosophy but also an evolution in these philosophies themselves.Further⁃more,it requires that technology transcends previous paradigms where it is merely viewed as an object of governance,thereby enabling self-governance within AI technologies.However,governing AI through the lens of technological gov⁃ernance is not merely a matter of applying existing rules.In practice,it often encounters challenges such as the"trap"of normative thinking,limitations in technical governance,and ethical risks.To address these challenges effectively,it is essential to comprehensively consider the interplay between technical and legal frameworks for regulation.This in⁃volves realizing a normative system that facilitates mutual regulation between"technology"and"law".Additionally,there is a need to enhance the soft law normative system primarily based on technological standards in order to mitigate ambiguities associated with implementation standards while avoiding rigidity in regulatory approaches.Simultaneously,there should be an emphasis on providing responsible guidance regarding AI ethical norms aimed at fostering sustain⁃able and healthy development within AI technologies.

关 键 词：技术治理 人工智能治理 法律规范 人工智能伦理 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]