知识产权惩罚性赔偿中“重复侵权”的适用困境及其化解  

The Dilemma of"Repeated Infringement"in Punitive Damages for Intellectual Property Rights and Its Resolution

作　　者：焦和平[1] 叶慧芳 Jiao Heping;Ye Huifang(School of Law,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学法学院,西安710065

出　　处：《科技与法律(中英文)》2025年第2期11-21,共11页Science Technology and Law(Chinese-English Version)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“人工智能出版物著作权保护模式选择及制度创新研究”(21BXW038);中国版权保护中心2024年度版权研究课题“面向生成式人工智能发展的著作权规则体系完善研究”(BQ2024003);陕西省社会科学基金专项项目“为谱写中国式现代化陕西新篇章提供更优质法治保障研究”(2024FS09)。

摘　　要：当前知识产权惩罚性赔偿中“重复侵权”的适用存在内涵不明、性质不清、与“多次侵权”混淆,以及和解协议认定缺乏法律依据等困境。造成上述适用困境的原因在于“重复侵权”的上位概念(故意与情节严重)的认定存在重合,同时“重复侵权”的界定与主客观二元责任认定形式存在潜在冲突,以及和解协议自身的相对性不同于法院判决等公文书证而在适用中缺乏法律依据等。为化解“重复侵权”的适用困境,应明确“重复侵权”的内涵与适用条件,将“重复侵权”界定为主观要件,厘清“重复侵权”与“多次侵权”分属主客观要件,以及将和解协议作为“重复侵权”情形纳入兜底性条款的调整范围。At present,the application of"repeated infringement"in intellectual property punitive damages faces sev-eral dilemmas,including unclear connotations,ambiguous nature,confusion with"multiple infringements",and the lack of legal basis for the recognition of"repeated infringement"based on settlement agreements.These difficulties stem from overlapping definitions of the superior concepts of"repeated infringement"(intentionality and severity of cir-cumstances),potential conflicts between the definition of"repeated infringement"and the dualistic responsibility as-sessment of subjectivity and objectivity,and the relativity of settlement agreements which differ from public documents such as court judgments,thus lacking a legal basis for application.We finally propose to solve the dilemma of applying"repeated infringement"by taking several measures:firstly,clarify the connotation and applicable conditions of"re-peated infringement",defining it as a subjective element;secondly,distinguish"repeated infringement"(a subjective element)from"multiple infringements"(an objective element);and thirdly,incorporate settlement agreements into the regulatory framework for"repeated infringement"through catch-all clauses,subject to conditions that ensure their vol-untariness,legality,and fairness.

关 键 词：知识产权惩罚性赔偿 重复侵权 故意 情节严重 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]