数字时代未经许可之演绎作品的著作权保护研究  

Research on Copyright Protection of Unauthorized Derivative Works in the Digital Era

作　　者：孙山 李研 Sun Shan;Li Yan(Civil and Commercial Law School,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学民商法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《科技与法律(中英文)》2025年第2期42-53,共12页Science Technology and Law(Chinese-English Version)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“法典化背景下商业秘密保护的单独立法研究”(23BFX184);重庆知识产权保护协同创新中心科研项目“数字时代首次销售原则的审思与重构”(24IP006)。

摘　　要：通说所谓非法演绎作品,其实质为未经许可的演绎作品。未经许可的演绎作品因其特殊性而游走于合法与非法之间,学界和实务界对它的保护争议颇大。数字时代海量作品通过互联网进行数字出版,其传播速度更快、范围更广,加之数字创作技术的普及使创作门槛大幅降低,导致未经许可的演绎作品泛滥。未征得原作品著作权人许可而产生的演绎作品,其著作权由演绎者享有,演绎者可针对任何人就其演绎作品的使用主张权利,他人不得以未经许可为由主张侵权行为不成立。未经许可的演绎作品之上存在权利瑕疵,但该瑕疵只针对原作品著作权人而有意义,只在个别例外情形中演绎者才能排除停止侵害请求权的适用。为化解未经许可的演绎作品在数字时代的著作权侵权风险,应从司法层面基于具体行为厘清著作权侵权诉讼的主体和请求权基础;于立法层面引入“选择—退出”默示许可制度;在行业自治层面建立统一的数字作品资源库以及集中的检索和授权许可机制。So-called illegal derivative works in the prevailing view are unauthorized derivative works in nature.Unau-thorized derivative works,due to their unique nature,exist in a gray area between legality and illegality,sparking con-siderable debate among scholars and practitioners regarding the protection of them.In the digital age,a vast number of works are published online through digital platforms,enabling faster and broader dissemination.Coupled with the wide-spread adoption of digital creation technologies,which have significantly lowered the barriers to creation,this has led to a proliferation of unauthorized derivative works.Derivative works created by authors without obtaining permission from the original copyright holder are protected by the copyright held by the derivative creator,who can assert rights against anyone using their derivative works.Others cannot claim that the lack of permission invalidates the infringe-ment claim.Unauthorized derivative works have rights defects,but these defects are only meaningful to the original copyright holder.Only in exceptional cases can the derivative creator exclude the application of the cessation of in-fringement claims.To address the copyright infringement risks posed by unauthorized derivative works in the digital Era,several measures should be taken.At the judicial level,the parties of copyright infringement litigation and the ba-sis of claims should be clarified based on specific actions.From a legislative perspective,an"opt-out"implied licens-ing system should be introduced.In terms of industry self-regulation,a unified digital works resource database and a centralized searching and licensing mechanism should be established.

关 键 词：数字时代 未经许可的演绎 演绎作品 默示许可 行业自治 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]