航空航天用钛基复合材料的开发与应用进展  

Development and Application Progress of Titanium Matrix Composites for Aerospace

作　　者：李金山[1] 晏琪 陈彪 LI Jinshan;YAN Qi;CHEN Biao(State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《材料开发与应用》2024年第6期1-23,共23页Development and Application of Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52274367);凝固技术国家重点实验室课题(2022-QZ-02);西北工业大学博士论文创新项目(CX2021058);国家留学基金(202106290077)。

摘　　要：近年来,很多国家在发布的最新航空航天计划中表明了“驻月”的愿景,这对当今航空航天用材料提出了更高的技术要求。先进钛基复合材料(TMCs)由于具有较高的力学性能和耐摩擦磨损性等特性,备受研究者关注。TMCs的研发有望推动航空航天领域新材料的升级,为“驻月”计划提供重要的技术支撑。本研究论述了近年来TMCs在航空航天领域的应用情况与最新的前沿科技成果,重点介绍了几种典型的增强体材料(SiC纤维、纳米碳、TiC、TiB、短碳纤维)在TMCs中的成型工艺、微观组织以及服役性能,总结了这些TMCs在航空航天应用中取得的进展及存在的问题。对比国内外先进TMCs在航空航天领域关键零部件的开发和应用,探讨了国内TMCs的研究现状和不足,以及开发先进TMCs面临的重要问题。并基于TMCs的应用现状,对未来航空航天领域中先进TMCs的发展进行了展望。Recently,many countries have expressed the same vision of“sustained lunar presence”in their latest aerospace plans,which imposes higher technical requirements for materials for aerospace industry.Advanced titanium matrix composites(TMCs)have garnered significant attention from researchers owing to their high mechanical performance,friction and wear resistance,and functional characteristics.Those materials are expected to facilitate the advancement of aerospace industry and provide crucial technical support for the lunar mission.In this paper,we review the cutting-edge scientific research and current application of TMCs in aerospace,introduce the fabricating processes,microstructures and service performances of several typical reinforcements(for example,SiC fiber,nanocarbon,TiC,TiB,and short carbon fiber)in TMCs,and summarize the progress and problems of application of TMCs into the aerospace field in recent years.Besides,we compare the development and application of advanced TMCs into the key aerospace components home and abroad,highlight the research status and shortcomings of TMCs in China,and point out the important problems faced in the development of TMCs with high performance.At last,we prospect the development of TMCs in the aerospace field based on the current application.

关 键 词：钛合金 钛基复合材料 粉末冶金 增材制造 增强体 高性能 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]