基于遗传算法的车用起动机多目标优化  

Multi-Objective Optimization of Vehicle Starter Based on Genetic Algorithm

作　　者：张晓光[1] 彭彬 仓欣蕾 ZHANG Xiao-guang;PENG Bin;CANG Xin-lei(College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Liaoning University of Technology,Jinzhou 121001)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工业大学机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁锦州121001

出　　处：《制造业自动化》2025年第2期165-171,共7页Manufacturing Automation

基　　金：辽宁省科学技术计划-省博士科研启动基金计划(2021-BS-261)。

摘　　要：以某型号车用减速式永磁起动机为研究对象,通过RMxprt软件对起动机的永磁直流电机进行仿真分析,得到不同温度下起动机的输出性能,发现起动机存在功率不足、转速过低的问题,通过对起动机进行瞬态磁场的有限元分析,得到起动机内部磁场分布均匀且无漏磁现象,通过分析气隙和永磁体等结构参数,得到了对起动机性能影响最大的四个电磁参数,并以永磁体极弧系数、永磁体厚度、转子外径和转子长度为优化变量,以起动机的转速和转矩为优化目标,通过optiSLang软件采用遗传算法进行起动机的多目标优化。最后对优化后的起动机进行仿真和试验验证,结果表明:起动机优化后的性能明显提升,转速提高了4.3%,转矩增大了3.3%,功率提升了7.8%。Taking a certain type of vehicle decelerating permanent magnet starter as the research object,a permanent magnet DC motor of the starter is simulated and analyzed by RMxprt software,and the output performance of the starter at different temperatures is obtained,wherein the problems of insufficient power and low speed were found in the starter.The finite element analysis of the transient magnetic field of the starter shows that the magnetic field inside the starter is evenly distributed and with no magnetic leakage.By analyzing structural parameters such as air gap and permanent magnet,four electromagnetic parameters that have the greatest impact on starter performance are obtained.With the polar arc coefficient of permanent magnet,the thickness of permanent magnet,the rotor outside diameter and the rotor length taken as the optimization variables,and the speed and torque of the starter as the optimization objectives,the multi-objective optimization of starter is carried out by genetic algorithm through optiSLang software.Finally,the simulation and experimental verification of the optimized starter show that the performance of the optimized starter is significantly improved with the speed increased by 4.3%,the torque increased by 3.3%,and the power increased by 7.8%.

关 键 词：起动机 永磁直流电机 遗传算法 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]