新型双聚能药包裂纹扩展规律及周边控制爆破试验研究  

Experimental study on the crack propagation rule of a new type of dual-charge and its surrounding controlled blasting

作　　者：刘朕 杨仁树 左进京[1] 赵勇 翟柏洋 宋国康 王玉富 王南南 祝贺超 LIU Zhen;YANG Renshu;ZUO Jinjing;ZHAO Yong;ZHAI Boyang;SONG Guokang;WANG Yufu;WANG Nannan;ZHU Hechao(School of Civil and Resource Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Mechanics and Architectural Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Anhui Masteel Zhangzhuang Mining Co.,Ltd.,Lu'an,Anhui 237471,China;Angang Cornerstone Mining Co.,Ltd.,Anshan,Liaoning 114051,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083 [3]安徽马钢张庄矿业有限责任公司,安徽六安237471 [4]鞍钢基石矿业有限公司,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2024年第6期1171-1184,1197,共15页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52227805,52208384)。

摘　　要：地下金属矿山巷道成型质量的关键在于周边孔控制爆破.为提高巷道周边成型质量,在聚能爆破技术的基础上,提出了新型双聚能药包控制爆破技术.第一阶段通过爆炸力学理论、岩石-分形理论、数值模拟和实验室试验,对比分析了普通药包、聚能药包、双聚能药包结构下爆炸应力场分布规律和损伤分布特征;第二阶段完成了新型双聚能药包周边控制爆破现场工业性试验.结果表明:双聚能爆破炮孔壁聚能方向有效应力峰值相比聚能药包提高62%,相比普通药包提高1.2倍;聚能方向裂纹扩展长度超过150 mm,明显大于聚能药包和普通药包;裂纹扩展速度峰值为聚能药包的1.21倍,裂纹尖端应力强度因子为聚能药包的1.45倍,非聚能方向分形维数降低4%~18.24%;巷道断面炮孔半眼痕率相比普通药包提高38%,相比聚能药包提高10%~25%.采用新型双聚能爆破技术,巷道周边成型质量明显提高,损伤程度降低,具有较好的工程应用前景.The key to the forming quality of underground metal mine roadways lies in the controlled blasting of peripheral holes.In this study,a new dual-shaped charge-controlled blasting technology based on the shaped charge blasting technology is proposed to improve molding quality around the roadway.The distribution law of explosive stress fields and the characteristics of damage distribution under the structures of ordinary charge,shaped charge,and dual-shaped charge are compared and analyzed by applying explosion mechanics,rock-fractal theory,numerical simulation,and laboratory experiments.Thereafter,the field industrial test of controlled blasting using the new dual-charge is completed.The study results indicated that the peak value of effective stress in the concentrative direction of the hole wall of dual-shaped charge blasting is 62%higher than that of the shaped charge and 1.2 times higher than that of the ordinary charge.The crack propagation length in the energy-gathering direction of the dual-shaped charge exceeds 150 mm,which is significantly larger than both the shaped charge and the ordinary charge.Additionally,the peak crack propagation velocity of dual-shaped charge blasting is 1.21 times that of the shaped charge,the stress intensity factor at the crack tip is 1.45 times that of the shaped charge,and the fractal dimension in non-convergent direction is reduced by 4%to 18.24%.The incidence of half-eye marks in the roadway section of dual-charge blasting is 38%higher than that of ordinary charge and between 10%and 25%higher than that of shaped charge.Upon adopting the new dual-shaped blasting technology,the forming quality around the roadway is significantly improved,and the degree of damage is reduced,showing promising engineering application prospects.

关 键 词：新型双聚能药包 爆炸应力场 爆炸裂隙场 岩石-分形理论 声波测试 周边成型质量 

分 类 号：TD23[矿业工程—矿井建设]