深层碳酸盐岩气藏不同类型储层全尺寸孔径分布及其分形特征——以四川盆地高磨地区震旦系灯四段为例  

Full-range pore throat radius distribution and fractal characteristics of different types of reservoirs in deep carbonate gas reservoirs:A case study of Deng-4 Member in Gaoshiti-Moxi Area,Sichuan Basin

作　　者：邹瑞 王璐 罗瑞兰[2] 张林[2] 邓惠 孟展 邹润 张一帆 ZOU Rui;WANG Lu;LUO Ruilan;ZHANG Lin;DENG Hui;MENG Zhan;ZOU Run;ZHANG Yifan(College of Energy,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan 610059,China;Petro China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas field Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 61004l,China;Sichuan Petroleum Administration Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China;School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学能源学院,四川成都610059 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [3]中国石油西南油气田分公司勘探开发研究院,四川成都610041 [4]四川石油管理局有限公司,四川成都610051 [5]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川成都610500

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2024年第6期1218-1236,共19页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52304021);国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05015-003);国家重点实验室开放基金项目(PCL2020007);四川省自然科学基金项目(2023NSFSC0261)。

摘　　要：深层碳酸盐岩气藏储集介质多样且孔喉结构复杂,全尺寸孔径分布规律及分形特征表征困难.因此,联合高压与恒速压汞试验,定量表征了四川盆地深层碳酸盐岩气藏各类储层的全尺寸孔径分布,并通过分形理论明确了不同尺度下孔喉结构复杂程度和微观非均质性,最后揭示了分形维数与储集、渗流能力的关系并分析了其控制因素.结果表明:深层碳酸盐岩气藏4类储层全尺寸孔径分布在3.6 nm~500μm且曲线呈多峰特征,主要发育纳米级孔喉但微米级孔喉差异明显.缝洞型、孔洞型、裂缝型和孔隙型储层的总分形维数均值分别为2.438,2.509,2.762和2.804,反映各类储层的微观非均质性存在差异.4类储层均具有三重分形特征,可划分为小孔-细喉段(孔喉半径r<0.027μm)、中孔-粗喉段(0.027μm≤r≤3.431μm)和大孔(裂缝)段(r>3.431μm),且各类储层之间的差异主要体现在小孔-细喉段,导致储层微观非均质性主要受该段孔喉体积占比及分形维数大小影响.纳米级孔喉的分形维数小于微米级孔喉,表明在裂缝和溶洞影响下微米级孔喉结构的非均质性和复杂程度要强于纳米级孔喉.总分形维数与孔隙度、排驱压力、歪度、最大进汞饱和度和分选系数的相关性较好,且纳米级孔喉和小孔-细喉段分形维数与这些结构参数的相关性更强,表明纳米尺度下小孔-细喉段对储层整体的孔喉连通性和非均质性影响更大.The typical characteristics of deep carbonate gas reservoirs with diverse reservoir media and complex pore throat structure in deep carbonate reservoirs make it difficult to reveal their full-range pore throat distribution and fractal characteristics.Therefore,the high-pressure mercury injection and constant-rate mercury injection experiments were jointly applied to quantitatively characterize the full-range pore throat size distribution of various reservoir types in deep carbonate gas reservoirs in Sichuan Basin.Subsequently,the complexity and micro-heterogeneity of pore throat structures at different scales were revealed through fractal theory.Finally,the relationship between fractal dimension and storage and percolation capacities was revealed,and the controlling factors of fractal dimension were analyzed.The results show that the full-range pore throat radius of four types of reservoirs in deep carbonate reservoirs is in the range of 3.6 nm and 500μm,and all distribution curves have multi-peak characteristics.Deep carbonate gas reservoirs mainly develop nano-scale pore throats,but the differences in micro-scale pore throats are obvious.The average values of total fractal dimension(D_(T))of fracture-cavity type,cavity type,fracture type and pore type reservoirs are 2.438,2.509,2.762 and 2.804,respectively,reflecting the differences in micro-heterogeneity among different types of reservoirs.All four types of reservoirs have triple fractal characteristics of small pore—fine throat section(r<0.027μm),moderate pore—coarse throat section(0.027μm≤r≤3.431μm),and large pore—fracture section(r>3.431μm).Moreover,the differences between different types of reservoirs are mainly reflected in the small pore—fine throat section,resulting in the micro-heterogeneity of the reservoir being mainly affected by the proportion of pore throat volume and the value of fractal dimension in this section.The fractal dimension of nano-scale pore throats is lower than that of micro-scale pore throats,indicating that the he

关 键 词：深层碳酸盐岩气藏 全尺寸孔径分布 分形特征 孔喉结构 高压压汞 恒速压汞 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]