带槽径向轮缘密封结构对封严性能的影响  

Effect of Turbine Groove Radial Rim Seal Structure on Sealing Effectiveness

作　　者：程舒娴 杜昆 李昆阳 CHENG Shuxian;DU Kun;LI Kunyang(AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai,China,201100;School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi′an,China,710072)

机构地区：[1]中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司,上海201100 [2]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《热能动力工程》2025年第1期10-18,共9页Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2019-Ⅱ-0008-0028)。

摘　　要：为降低封严冷气量,提高涡轮效率,优化轮缘密封结构,采用数值求解三维URANS方程和SST湍流模型的方法,对比了不同径向轮缘密封结构的封严性能。设计了7种带槽径向轮缘密封结构,包括4种横向槽结构、1种轴向槽结构和2种斜向槽结构。数值计算结果表明:与传统的简单径向轮缘密封结构相比,所设计的横向、轴向和斜向槽结构在本文计算的冷气量范围内,通过增长流动路径和增强涡流两种方式来增加流动阻力,均可使封严效率提高0.17~0.31;在4种横向槽结构中,双槽结构的封严效果优于其他结构,槽数过少和槽宽过窄都会降低封严性能;在轴向和斜向槽结构中,轴向槽结构所需封严冷气量最少,斜向槽倾斜方向影响封严性能,顺向槽结构封严性能更好。In order to reduce coolant flow rates,improve turbine efficiency and optimize rim seal struc-ture,three-dimensional unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS)equations,coupled with a fully developed shear stress transport(SST)turbulent model,were utilized to compare the sealing effec-tiveness of different kinds of radial rim seal structures.The seven kinds of groove radial rim seals de-signed in this paper include four circumferential groove structures,one axial groove structure and two ob-lique groove structures.The numerical calculation results show that compared with the conventional sim-ple radial rim seal structure,the proposed circumferential,axial and oblique groove rim seal structures are in the range of coolant flow rates calculated in this paper,which can increase the sealing effectiveness by 0.17-0.31 by increasing flow path and enhancing vortex to increase the flow resistance.Among the four circumferential groove rim seal structures,the sealing effectiveness of double-groove rim seal is better than others.Too few grooves and too narrow groove width reduce the sealing performance.In the axial and oblique groove rim seal structures,the axial groove rim seal requires the least sealing coolant flow rate,the inclination direction of oblique rim seal impacts sealing performance,and the clockwise rotation direction of oblique rim seal shows better sealing performance.

关 键 词：轮缘密封 封严效率 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TK474.7[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]