哈萨克斯坦中文学习者辅音声母习得情况分析  

An Analysis on the Acquisition of Consonant Initials by Kazakh Learners of Chinese

作　　者：贾媛[1] 王梓力 张劲松[3] JIA Yuan;WANG Zili;ZHANG Jinsong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京100732 [2]北京师范大学文学院,北京100875 [3]北京语言大学信息科学学院,北京100083

出　　处：《语言文字应用》2024年第4期28-43,共16页Applied Linguistics

基　　金：2020年度国家社科基金重大项目“面向新疆义务教育的语言资源数据库建设及应用研究”(20&ZD294)的资助。

摘　　要：文章采用对比分析、偏误分析、声学分析等方法,对哈萨克斯坦中文学习者辅音声母习得情况进行系统分析。一是通过听辨实验,统计产出正确率和偏误类型。二是通过声学实验,分析声学特征,探究发音过程中的问题。研究发现,哈萨克斯坦中文学习者的浊辅音习得效果较好,擦音的习得效果一般,塞音和塞擦音掌握不熟练,主要是送气与不送气、清浊的混淆;受到协同发音的影响,同种后接元音产出的偏误类型大致相同。根据实验结果,文章总结出哈萨克斯坦中文学习者辅音声母的习得难度等级表,并提出针对性教学建议。This paper adopts the methods of comparative analysis,error analysis and acoustic analysis to systematically analyze the acquisition of consonant initials by Kazakh learners of Chinese,with far-reaching significance and value in both theory and practice.First,the accuracy of consonant initial acquisition and the types of errors are calculated and analyzed by listening experiment.Second,through acoustic experiment,the acoustic characteristics are analyzed and the problems in the pronunciation process are explored.It is also found that Kazakh learners of Chinese have a good grasp of voiced consonants,but a mediocre grasp of fricatives and a weak grasp of stops and affricates.The main errors include confusion between aspirated and unaspirated sounds and between unvoiced and voiced sounds.Moreover,under the influence of coarticulation,the types of production errors for subsequent vowels of the same category are generally similar.Finally,considering the results of the experiment,the scale of the consonant acquisition difficulty scale for Kazakh learners of Chinese is proposed and the teaching suggestions are put forward.

关 键 词：哈萨克斯坦 中文学习者 辅音声母 第二语言习得 

分 类 号：H01[语言文字—语言学]