社区老年糖尿病共病患者内在能力的潜在类别分析  

Latent class analysis of intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling elderly diabetes mellitus patients with multimorbidity

作　　者：周白云 马睿婕 陆敏[2] 王艳梅[2] Zhou Baiyun;Ma Ruijie;Lu Ming;Wang Yanmei(School of Nursing,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学护理学院,宁夏银川750004 [2]上海市浦东新区公利医院护理部

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2025年第3期6-11,共6页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫生系统领先人才项目(PWRl202004);上海市浦东新区卫生系统重点学科建设项目(PWZxk202214)。

摘　　要：目的 探索社区老年2型糖尿病共病患者内在能力的潜在类别及其影响因素,为制订干预措施提升其内在能力水平提供参考。方法 以便利抽样方法选取社区老年2型糖尿病共病患者856例,使用一般资料调查表、内在能力评估工具、老年友善环境量表、社会支持评定量表进行调查。利用潜在类别分析识别社区老年2型糖尿病共病患者内在能力的潜在类别,并进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果 社区老年2型糖尿病共病患者内在能力得分为4(3,5)分,555例(64.8%)患者存在内在能力下降。患者内在能力分为相对稳定组(77.8%)、低感知觉-低认知组(13.6%)、低活力-低心理-低运动组(8.6%)3个潜在类别。回归分析显示,年龄、每晚睡眠时间、糖尿病并发症、老年友善环境、社会支持是社区老年2型糖尿病共病患者内在能力潜在类别的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 社区老年2型糖尿病共病患者的内在能力具有异质性,且受不同因素影响。应针对不同潜在类别的社区老年2型糖尿病共病患者开展精准护理干预,以提升其内在能力,促进健康老龄化。Objective To explore the latent classes and the influencing factors of intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with multimorbidity,so as to provide references for developing interventions to enhance their intrinsic capacity.Methods A total of 856 community-dwelling elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with multimorbidity were selected conveniently,then they were investigated by using a general information questionnaire,the intrinsic capacity assessment scale,the Age-friendly Environment Scale,and the Social Support Rating Scale.Latent class analysis was employed to identify the latent classes of intrinsic capacity among the participants,followed by a multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results The intrinsic capacity score of the participants was 4(3,5) points,and 555(64.8%) of them exhibited a decline in intrinsic capacity.The participants′ intrinsic capacity was classified into three latent classes:the relatively stable group(77.8%),the low sensory-low cognitive group(13.6%),and the low vitality-low psychological-low exercise group(8.6%).Regression analysis revealed that,age,sleep duration,comorbidities,level of age-friendly environment,and level of social support were influencing factors of the latent classes of intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with multimorbidity(all P<0.05).Conclusion The intrinsic capacity of community-dwelling elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with multimorbidity is heterogeneous,and it is influenced by various factors.Precision intervention strategies should be implemented for different potential categories of this population,so as to enhance their intrinsic capacity and promote healthy aging.

关 键 词：老年人 2型糖尿病 共病 内在能力 老年友善环境 社会支持 潜在类别分析 社区护理 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学] G812.48[医药卫生—临床医学]