黄龙界子河墓地出土青铜器的资源与技术特征研究  

Resources and Technical Characteristics of Bronzes from Jiezihe Cemetery

作　　者：胡毅捷 夏培朝 张蓓 孙战伟 陈建立 Hu Yijie;Xia Peichao;Zhang Bei

机构地区：[1]复旦大学文物与博物馆学系 [2]陕西省考古研究院 [3]北京大学中国考古学研究中心 [4]北京大学考古科学教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《考古与文物》2025年第2期120-128,共9页Archaeology and Cultural Relics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“刘家洼芮国都邑遗址考古资料整理与研究”(编号:20&ZD253);中国博士后科学基金第73批面上资助“关中东北部春秋时期青铜器资源与技术研究”(编号:2023M730648);科技部重点研发计划课题“两周时期金属产地调查及溯源方法研究”(编号:2022YFF0903704)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文通过合金成分、铅同位素比值以及泥芯结构与成分等多重视角对陕西黄龙界子河墓地出土青铜器进行科技分析,以探讨春秋早中期关中东部与黄土高原交界地带青铜器生产所使用的资源与技术。结果表明,界子河墓地出土青铜器多在当地制作而成,部分器物则在外生产并流通至关中地区;界子河墓地青铜器所使用铅料资源与关中及汉淮地区使用的基本一致,并曾在春秋早中期之际发生转变。界子河墓地出土的青铜器以铅锡青铜为主,均为铸造成型,界子河M1出土青铜容器的锡含量高于其他墓葬出土容器,这可能与墓主作为据点首领可获得更多锡资源相关。青铜兵器锡含量适中,符合器物相应的力学性能,而丧葬用器锡含量有明显的波动。This study analyzes the alloy compositions,lead isotope ratios,and the structure and composition of the casting cores of bronze artifacts from the Jiezihe Cemetery in Huanglong County,Shaanxi Province.The aim is to investigate the resource utilization and manufacturing technologies of bronzes from the intersection of the eastern Guanzhong Plain and the Loess Plateau during the early and middle Spring and Autumn Period.The results indicate that most bronzes from the Jiezihe Cemetery were produced locally,while some were manufactured externally and circulated to the Guanzhong Plain.The lead sources for these bronzes are consistent with those from the Guanzhong and Han-Huai regions,with a notable shift in resource use between the early and middle Spring and Autumn periods.The bronzes from Jiezihe Cemetery were primarily lead-tin alloys,all of which were cast.The tin content in bronze vessels from Tomb no.M1 is significantly higher than in other tombs,possibly reflecting the tomb owner’s status as a stronghold leader with access to abundant tin resources.Bronze weapons display moderate tin content,optimized for mechanical properties,whereas the tin content in funerary utensils shows considerable variations.

关 键 词：界子河墓地 青铜器 资源 技术特征 合金成分 

分 类 号：K876.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]