普通国省道机动车污染物负外部成本核算方法  

An Estimation Method of Negative External Cost for Motor Vehicle Pollutants on Ordinary National and Provincial Highways

作　　者：黄煌钦 郭建华[1,2] 赵岩 孙满[4] HUANG Huangqin;GUO Jianhua;ZHAO Yan;SUN Man(Intelligent Transportation System Research Center,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Transportation Theory and Transportation Industry(Nanjing Modern Comprehensive Transportation Laboratory),Nanjing 211189,China;China Automotive Research and Inspection Center(Changzhou)Company Limited,Changzhou 213000,China;Xuzhou Highway Development Center,Xuzhou 221000,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学智能运输系统研究中心,南京211189 [2]交通运输部综合交通运输理论交通运输行业重点实验室(南京现代综合交通实验室),南京211189 [3]中汽研汽车检验中心(常州)有限公司,江苏常州213000 [4]徐州市公路事业发展中心,江苏徐州221000

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2024年第6期152-162,共11页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61573106);交通运输部综合交通运输理论交通运输行业重点实验室(南京现代综合交通实验室)开放课题项目(MTF2023005)资助。

摘　　要：为充分挖掘普通国省道交通情况调查站采集的交通信息的价值,基于交通运行数据,建立普通国省道机动车污染物负外部成本的核算方法。根据给定的普通国省道路网资料,采集道路基础数据、交通流数据、机动车技术水平数据和城市社会经济数据;基于排放因子乘数法,处理采集到的数据,确定污染物基础排放系数、环境修正因子、道路交通状况修正因子和油品修正因子,得到综合排放系数、路网总里程和月平均日交通量,并计算CO、HC、NO_(x)、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的实物量;基于当量税额乘数法,由污染物实物量和污染物污染当量的单位税额计算CO、HC、NO_(x)、PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的经济价值,即得到污染物负外部成本。以徐州市普通国省道路网开展实例分析,发现2022年徐州市国省道路网的机动车污染物排放总量为8514 t,负外部成本为2157万元。其中,CO和NO_(x)的实物量占总排放量的比例高达95%,NO_(x)的负外部成本占总成本的比例超过95%,中小客车和特大货车排放的CO和NO_(x)分担率较高,表明徐州市的大气污染治理应重点关注中小客车和特大货车的NO_(x)排放控制。对比其他学者的研究可知,不同城市的主要污染物种类和主要排放源存在差异,运输部门应根据实际情况制定相关决策。To fully explore the value of traffic information collected by traffic investigation stations on ordinary na-tional and provincial highways,based on traffic operational data,an estimation method is proposed for the motor ve-hicle pollutants’negative external cost on ordinary national and provincial highways.Based on the given ordinary national and provincial highway networks material,basic road attributes,traffic flow data,motor vehicle technology data,and urban socio-economic data are collected.After that,based on the emission factor multiplier method,the collected data is processed to determine the base emission coefficients for pollutants,environmental correction fac-tors,road traffic condition correction factors,and fuel quality correction factors.Then,the comprehensive emission coefficient,total road network mileage,and monthly average daily traffic volume are derived.Additionally,the quantities of CO,HC,NO_(x),PM_(2.5),and PM_(10) are calculated.Finally,based on the equivalent multiplier method,the economic values of CO,HC,NO_(x),PM_(2.5),and PM_(10) emissions are calculated based on the quantity of pollutants and the unit tax amount of pollution equivalent,which results in the negative external cost of pollutants.The ordinary na-tional and provincial highway network in Xuzhou City is selected to conduct the empirical study.The results show that the total emissions of motor vehicle pollutants from the network in 2022 were 8514 tons,reflecting a negative external cost of 21.57 million yuan.In addition,the physical quantities of CO and NO_(x) accounted for up to 95%of the total emissions,the negative external cost of NO_(x) accounts for over 95%of the total cost,and passenger cars and medium-sized buses and oversized trucks had higher shares of CO and NO_(x) emissions,indicating that the focus of air pollution control in Xuzhou should be on controlling NO_(x) emissions from these types of vehicles.Compared with the research of other scholars,it can be seen that there are differences in the types of major po

关 键 词：交通信息 普通国省道 机动车污染物 负外部成本 当量乘数法 排放因子乘数法 

分 类 号：U491.9[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]