不同品种观赏海棠抗寒性的研究  

Study on Cold Resistance of Different Varieties of Ornamental Crabapple

作　　者：张鹏举 周德峰 张志斌 曹小东 韩多红 Zhang Pengju;Zhou Defeng;Zhang Zhibin;Cao Xiaodong;Han Duohong(Xichengyi Forest Farm,Ganzhou District,Zhangye City,Zhangye 734000,China;College of Life Sciences and Engineering,Hexi University,Zhangye 734000,China)

机构地区：[1]张掖市甘州区西城驿林场,甘肃张掖734000 [2]河西学院生命科学与工程学院,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《防护林科技》2025年第2期25-28,共4页Protection Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：甘肃省林业和草原科技计划项目“张掖市海棠的引种筛选及栽培技术研究”(2021kj013)。

摘　　要：探究不同观赏海棠品种对低温胁迫的适应性差异,综合评价其抗寒能力,为我国北方寒冷地区的观赏海棠栽植提供参考。以6个观赏海棠品种的1年生枝条为材料,设置0℃低温胁迫,测定电导率、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、脯氨酸质量分数及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性7个生理指标,并运用主成分分析和聚类分析进行综合评价,比较不同品种的抗寒能力。结果表明:电导率、可溶性蛋白质质量分数和SOD活性等7个生理指标在6个观赏海棠品种之间存在明显的差异性;电导率、可溶性蛋白质与可溶性糖、脯氨酸、SOD、POD和CAT之间均存在不显著的负相关性,SOD与POD、CAT之间呈正相关性。应用主成分分析,提取到3个主成分,其特征值分别为2.739、1.841和1.405,累计方差贡献率达85.489%,影响抗寒性的主要指标为可溶性糖质量分数、脯氨酸质量分数及SOD、POD和CAT活性。6个观赏海棠品种的抗寒性由高到低依次为‘鸡心果’‘红叶’‘王族’‘大叶北美’‘牡丹’‘红宝石’。‘鸡心果’‘红叶’的抗寒性很强,‘王族’的抗寒性较强,‘大叶北美’的抗寒性弱,‘牡丹’‘红宝石’的抗寒性较弱。Exploring the adaptability differences of different ornamental crabapple varieties to low temperature stress,comprehensively evaluating their cold resistance ability can provide reference for the cultivation of ornamental crabapple in cold regions of northern China.one-year-old branches of six ornamental crabapple varieties were used as materials,and 0°C low temperature stress was set up.Seven physiological indexes such as conductivity,soluble protein,soluble sugar,proline mass fraction and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)were measured,and principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate and compare the cold resistance ability of different varieties.The results showed that there were significant differences in seven physiological indexes such as conductivity,soluble protein mass fraction and SOD activity,etc.among the six ornamental crabapple varieties.There was no significant negative correlation between conductivity,soluble protein and soluble sugar,proline,SOD,POD,CAT,and there was a positive correlation between SOD and POD,CAT.Three principal components were extracted by principal component analysis,and their eigenvalues were 2.739,1.841 and 1.405,respectively.The cumulative variance contribution rate was 85.489%.The main indexes affecting cold resistance were soluble sugar mass fraction,proline mass fraction,the activities of SOD,POD and CAI.The cold resistance of six ornamental crabapple varieties from high to low were‘Jixinguo’,‘Hongye’,‘Wangzu’,‘Dayebeimei’,‘Mudan’,‘Hongbaoshi’.The cold resistance of‘Jixinguo’and‘Hongye’was very strong,the cold resistance of‘Wangzu’was relatively strong,the cold resistance of‘Dayebeimei’was weak,and the cold resistance of‘Mudan’and‘Hongbaoshi’was weak.

关 键 词：观赏海棠 低温胁迫 抗寒性 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S661.4[农业科学—果树学]