黑龙江西部青杨派纸浆材综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Sect Tacamahaca Pulpwood in Western Heilongjiang

作　　者：杜宏志 王福森 张强 杨春柳 刘晓萌 邢政华 毕宇 李树森 Du Hongzhi;Wang Fusen;Zhang Qiang;Yang Chunliu;Liu Xiaomeng;Xing Zhenghua;Bi Yu;Li Shusen(Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry,Qiqihar 161005,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省林业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005

出　　处：《防护林科技》2025年第2期45-49,共5页Protection Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：科技创新2030—重大项目“松嫩平原地区抗旱耐盐碱杨树新品种选育与推广示范”(2023ZD0405603);黑龙江省省属科研院所基本科研业务费项目“小黑杨品种退化因素及优选复壮技术研究”(CZKYF2022Q001)。

摘　　要：为研究青杨派纸浆材杨树良种选育及经营技术,以黑龙江西部地区的小黑杨(Populus simonii×P.nigra)、青山杨(P.pseudo-cathyana×P.deltoids)、大青杨(P.ussuriensis)、小青黑(P.pseudo-simonii×P.nigra)和迎春5号杨(P.nigra×P.simonii)5个青杨品种林分为试验对象,测定不同样地木材解剖性质、化学成分及成浆性能等指标,并进行相关性分析及隶属函数计算。结果表明:各品种纤维长度0.88~1.01 mm,纤维长宽比33.5~43.64,壁腔比0.34~0.66,综纤维素含量(含量为质量分数,下同)80.86%~83.85%,戊聚糖含量22.76%~31.45%,总木素含量23.52%~28.34%,抗张指数53.56~68.35 N·m·g^(-1),耐破指数2.90~3.87 kPa·m^(2)·g^(-1),撕裂指数8.65~10.86 mN·m^(2)·g^(-1),粗浆得率50.41%~54.97%,漂浆白度64.72%~77.15%。5品种的综合排名由大到小为大青杨、迎春5号、小黑杨、青山杨、小青黑。小黑杨的综合评价值随林龄增长而降低。测试品种的纤维形态、化学成分、纸浆性能均符合纸浆材工业利用标准。小青黑的综合评价较差,而小黑杨、青山杨、大青杨和迎春5号杨在该地区宜优先发展。小黑杨纸浆材质量在5 a后随林龄增长而下降。在保障木材产量的前提下,该地区小黑杨纸浆材宜早伐。In order to study the breeding and management techniques of Populus superior varieties of Sect Tacamahaca pulpwood, the stands of five Populus cathayana varieties, including Populus simonii × P.nigra,P.pseudo-cathyana × P.deltoids,P.ussuriensis,P.pseudo-simonii × P.nigra and P. nigra × P. simonii in the western region of Heilongjiang Province, were used as the experimental objects. The indexes of wood anatomy, chemical composition and pulping properties of different plots were determined, and correlation analysis and membership function calculation were carried out.The results showed as follows: the fiber length of each variety was 0.88-1.01 mm, the ratio of fiber length to width was 33.5-43.64,the ratio of wall to cavity was 0.34-0.66,the holocellulose mass fraction was 80.86 %-83.85%,the pentosan mass fraction `was 22.76%-31.45%,the total lignin content was 23.52%-28.34%,the tensile index was 53.56-68.35 N·m·g^(-1),the burst index was 2.90-3.87 kPa·m^(2)·g^(-1),the tear index was 8.65-10.86 mN·m^(2)·g^(-1),the pulp yield was 50.41%-54.97%,and the brightness of bleached pulp was 64.72%-77.15%.The comprehensive ranking of the five varieties from large to small were P.ussuriensis,P. nigra × P. simonii,Populus simonii × P.nigra,P.pseudo-cathyana × P.deltoids,P.pseudo-simonii × P.nigra. The comprehensive evaluation value of Populus simonii × P.nigra decreased with the increase of forest age. The fiber morphology, chemical composition and pulp properties of the tested varieties were in line with the industrial utilization standards of pulpwood. The comprehensive evaluation of P.pseudo-simonii × P.nigra was poor, while Populus simonii × P.nigra,P.pseudo-cathyana × P.deltoids,P.ussuriensis and P. nigra × P. simonii should be given priority in this area. The pulpwood quality of Populus simonii × P.nigra decreased with the increase of forest age after five years. On the premise of ensuring timber production, the pulpwood of Populus simonii × P.nigra in this area should be cut early.

关 键 词：青杨 纸浆材 林龄 综合评价 

分 类 号：S792.110.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]