华山松优良家系的评价选择  

Evaluation and Selection of Superior Families of Pinus armandii

作　　者：商成林 Shang Chenglin(Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County Forestry and Grassland Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team in Fushun City of Liaoning Province,Fushun 113000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁抚顺市新宾满族自治县林业和草原综合行政执法队,辽宁抚顺113000

出　　处：《防护林科技》2025年第2期50-52,58,共4页Protection Forest Science and Technology

摘　　要：华山松(Pinus armandii)为我国特有的乡土树种,具有重要的经济价值、社会价值和生态价值。为筛选出适合辽宁地区栽植的优良华山松家系,采集了12株华山松优树种子进行播种育苗试验,于2020-2022年测量其生长性状并进行比较分析。结果表明:参试的12个华山松家系各生长性状间的差异均达到显著水平,3个年份的平均表型变异系数分别为12.34%、15.27%和13.01%,属于较大变异系数(>10%)。平均遗传力分别为77.53%、71.33%和74.21%,属于较高遗传力(>60%)。2022年的苗高、地径和针叶长均达到了较高的变异系数和遗传力,经对该年的生长性状进行综合评价,筛选出2号、3号和9号3个优良家系,其苗高、地径和针叶长的遗传增益分别为6.84%、6.82%和3.45%。通过聚类分析,将华山松家系分为6类,其中表现最好的为第4类,包括2号、3号和9号优良家系,可作为重点观察对象,将来可在辽宁地区进行推广与应用。Pinus armandii is a unique native tree species in China,which has important economic value,social value and ecological value.In order to screen out the excellent families of Pinus armandii suitable for planting in Liaoning area,twelve superior tree species of Pinus armandii were collected for sowing and seedling raising test,and their growth traits were measured and compared in 2020-2022.The results showed that there were significant differences in growth traits among the twelve Pinus armandii families.The average phenotypic variation coefficients of the three years were 12.34%,15.27%and 13.01%,respectively,which belonged to a large variation coefficient(>10%).The average heritability were 77.53%,71.33%and 74.21%,respectively,which belonged to high heritability(>60%).The seedling height,ground diameter and needle length in 2022 reached a high coefficient of variation and heritability.After comprehensive evaluation of the growth traits in that year,three excellent families of No.2,No.3 and No.9 were screened out,and the genetic gains of seedling height,ground diameter and needle length were 6.84%,6.82%and 3.45%,respectively.Through cluster analysis,the families of Pinus armandii were divided into six categories,among which the best performance was the fourth category,including excellent families of No.2,No.3 and No.9,which could be used as key observation objects and could be popularized and applied in Liaoning area in the future.

关 键 词：华山松 生长性状 变异分析 评价选择 

分 类 号：S791.241[农业科学—林木遗传育种]