基于正交试验探究配方施肥对三叶木通春梢生长的影响  

Exploration on the Effects of Formula Fertilization on the Growth of Spring Shoots of Akebia trifoliata Based on Orthogonal Test

作　　者：陈长生 Chen Changsheng(Datian County Qitao Forestry Workstation,Sanming 366108,China)

机构地区：[1]大田县奇韬林业工作站,福建三明366108

出　　处：《防护林科技》2025年第2期53-58,共6页Protection Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省科技计划农业引导性重点项目“三叶木通良种选育及规范化栽培技术研究”(2023N0026);2022年省级财政林业科技研究项目“油料能源用途的三叶木通良种选育及规范化栽培技术研究”(2022FKJ22)。

摘　　要：为探究配方施肥对三叶木通春梢生长的影响,寻找最适肥料配比,以3年生三叶木通为试验材料,采用有机肥及N、P、K肥进行四因素三水平正交试验L_(9)(3^(4)),分析不同肥料种类及施用量对三叶木通茎长度、茎粗度及生长量的影响。结果表明:1)尿素(N)对茎长度的影响最大,钙镁磷(P)对茎粗度及生长量的影响最大。茎长度指标最优的水平组合是J_(3)N_(2)P_(3)K_(2)(有机肥0.450 kg·m^(-2)+尿素0.060 kg·m^(-2)+钙镁磷0.135 kg·m^(-2)+硫酸钾0.075 kg·m^(-2));茎粗度指标最优水平组合为J_(3)N_(3)P_(3)K_(1)(有机肥0.450 kg·m^(-2)+尿素0.090 kg·m^(-2)+钙镁磷0.135 kg·m^(-2)+硫酸钾0.030 kg·m^(-2));生长量指标最优的水平组合为J2N2P3K1(有机肥0.300 kg·m^(-2)+尿素0.060 kg·m^(-2)+钙镁磷0.135 kg·m^(-2)+硫酸钾0.030 kg·m^(-2))。2)不同水平的尿素(N)和钙镁磷(P)对三叶木通春梢生长性状的影响均差异显著,而有机肥(J)和硫酸钾(K)的影响不显著。3)较高的尿素(N)和钙镁磷(P)施用量对三叶木通的茎长度、茎粗度和生长量具有显著的促进作用。4)茎长度、茎粗度和生长量之间存在显著的正相关关系。5)处理3(J_(1)N_(3)P_(3)K_(3))的肥料配比,即有机肥0.150 kg·m^(-2)、尿素0.090 kg·m^(-2)、钙镁磷0.135 kg·m^(-2)、硫酸钾0.120 kg·m^(-2),是获得最佳春梢生长效果的组合。In order to explore the effects of formula fertilization on the growth of spring shoots of Akebia trifoliata and to find the most suitable fertilizer ratio,with 3-year-old Akebia trifoliate as the test material,the orthogonal test L_(9)(3^(4))of four factors and three levels of organic fertilizer,N,P and K were used to analyze the effects of different fertilizer types and application rates on the diameter length,diameter roughness and growth of Akebia trifoliate.The results showed as the following five aspects.(1)Urea(N)had the greatest effect on stem length,and calcium magnesium phosphorus(P)had the greatest effect on stem diameter and growth.For the stem length index,the optimal level combination was J_(3)N_(2)P_(3)K_(2)(organic fertilizer 0.450 kg·m^(-2)+urea 0.060 kg·m^(-2)+calcium magnesium phosphorus 0.135 kg·m^(-2)+potassium sulfate0.075 kg·m^(-2));and for the stem diameter index,the optimal level combination was J_3N_3P_3K_1(organic fertilizer 0.450 kg·m^(-2)+urea 0.090 kg·m^(-2)+calcium magnesium phosphorus 0.135 kg·m^(-2)+potassium sulfate 0.030 kg·m^(-2));in terms of growth indicators,the optimal level combination was J_(2)N_(2)P_(3)K_(1)(organic fertilizer 0.300 kg·m^(-2)+urea 0.060 kg·m^(-2)+calcium magnesium phosphorus 0.135 kg·m^(-2)+potassium sulfate 0.030 kg·m^(-2)).(2)The effects of different levels of urea(N)and calcium magnesium phosphate(P)on the growth traits of spring shoots of Akebia trifoliate were significantly different,while the effects of organic fertilizer(J)and potassium sulfate(K)were not significant.(3)Higher application rate of urea(N)and calcium magnesium phosphate(P)significantly promoted the stem length,stem diameter and growth of Akebia trifoliate.(4)There was a significant positive correlation between stem length,stem diameter and growth.(5)The fertilizer ratio of treatment 3(J_(1)N_(3)P_(3)K_(3)),namely organic fertilizer 0.150 kg·m^(-2),urea 0.090 kg·m^(-2),calcium magnesium phosphorus 0.135 kg·m^(-2),potassium sulfate 0.120 kg·m^(-2),was the best combinati

关 键 词：三叶木通 配方施肥 生长效应 正交分析 

分 类 号：S753.53[农业科学—森林经理学]