城市中小河流弯道水环境响应特征研究  

Study on Response Characteristics ofWater Environments in Bends of Small and Medium-Sized Urban Rivers

作　　者：郭冰冰 陈弘 胡德[3] 周庆琛 GUO Bingbing;CHEN Hong;HU De;ZHOU Qingchen(College of Hydraulic Engineering,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin,300392;Tianjin Agricultural University-China Agricultural University Joint Smart Water Conservancy Research Center,Tianjin,300392;China Communications Tianjin Port Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Tianjin,300222)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水利工程学院,天津300392 [2]天津农学院-中国农业大学智慧水利研究中心,天津300392 [3]中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司(中国交建海岸工程水动力重点实验室),天津300222

出　　处：《水利水电工程设计》2025年第1期5-12,共8页Design of Water Resources & Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理国家科技重大专项子课题(2017ZX07106003);技术开发项目(TNHXKJ2024029)。

摘　　要：研究了城市中小河流弯道水环境的响应特征。通过现场监测和数值模拟方法分析,探讨了不同弯道特性对水动力和水质参数(如化学需氧量、氨氮、总磷浓度等)的影响。研究结果表明,弯道内凹岸流速显著高于中心线和凸岸位置,凹岸流速较大,水流动性强,污染物不易沉积。弯道的曲率和流量对污染物的扩散和浓度降低有显著影响。在流量Q=20 m^(3)/s和Q=30 m^(3)/s条件下,弯道进口处COD含量较高,出口处与中间处相比较低。COD_(Mn)、NH_(3)-N和TP在弯道内也表现出类似的降低趋势。合理布置河流治理工程设施和优化弯道结构可以有效改善城市河流水质,为规划设计提供参考依据。This study investigates the response characteristics of water environments in bends of small and medium-sized urban rivers.Through field monitoring and numerical simulations,it explores how different bend characteristics affect hydrodynamics and water quality parameters,including chemical oxygen demand(COD),ammonia nitrogen(NH₃-N),and total phosphorus(TP)concentrations.The results indicate that flow velocity near the concave bank of a bend is significantly higher than at the centerline and convex bank.This increased velocity at the concave bank enhances water mobility,thereby reducing the likelihood of pollutant deposition.Additionally,bend curvature and flow rate significantly influence pollutant dispersion and concentration reduction.Under flow conditions of Q=20 m^(3)/s and Q=30 m^(3)/s,COD concentrations are higher at the bend inlet and comparatively lower at the middle and outlet sections.Similar decreasing trends are observed for COD_(Mn),NH_(3)-N-N,and TP within the bend.The strategic arrangement of river management structures and optimization of bend geometries can effectively improve water quality in urban rivers,providing valuable reference for planning and design.

关 键 词：城市中小河流 弯道特性 水动力和水质参数 污染物扩散 河流治理 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]