转子系统突加不平衡的动力学相似设计方法  

A dynamic similitude design method for sudden unbalance in rotor systems

作　　者：石怀涛 任衍利 何凤霞 李雷 罗忠[2] SHI Huaitao;REN Yanli;HE Fengxia;LI Lei;LUO Zhong(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang 110168,China;School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学机械工程学院,辽宁沈阳110168 [2]东北大学机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2025年第2期223-231,共9页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52075348,52275119);辽宁省自然科学基金博士启动项目(2023-BS-132);东北大学航空动力装备振动及控制教育部重点实验室研究基金资助项目(VCAME202203);辽宁省教育厅基金资助项目(LJKZZ20220078)。

摘　　要：针对转子系统突加不平衡问题,提出了一种动力学相似设计方法。根据动力学微分方程,运用方程分析法和量纲分析法,考虑阻尼缩比建立动力学相似关系。根据应变能分布准则,设计转子系统原型,利用相似关系对原型进行缩放建立畸变模型,通过仿真和试验对原型和畸变模型的动力学相似性进行验证。仿真结果表明:畸变模型与原型临界转速、应变能分布、瞬态响应具有较高的相似性,前两阶临界转速误差分别为0.1%和0.13%,峰值振幅误差为3%。试验结果表明:畸变模型可以准确地预测原型的临界转速和突加不平衡振动响应,前两阶临界转速误差分别为0.79%和1.72%,峰值振幅误差为5.98%。A dynamic similitude design method is proposed for the problem of sudden unbalance of the rotor system.The dynamic differential equation requires the application of both equation analysis and dimensional analysis methods to establish the scaling laws,while also considering the damping scaling ratio.Based on the strain energy distribution criterion,a prototype rotor system is designed.The prototype is scaled according to the scaling laws to create a distorted model,and the dynamic similarity between the prototype and the distorted model is verified through simulation and test.The simulation results show that the distorted model ex-hibits high similarity to the prototype in terms of critical speed,strain energy distribution,and transient response.The errors for the first two critical speeds are 0.1%and 0.13%,respectively,and the error in peak amplitude is 3%.The test results show that the distorted model can accurately predict the critical speed and sudden unbalance vibration response of the prototype,with the errors for the first two critical speeds being 0.79%and 1.72%,respectively,and the error in peak amplitude being 5.98%.

关 键 词：转子系统 动力学相似 畸变相似 突加不平衡 瞬态响应 

分 类 号：V231.96[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]