电动出租车充电桩租借模型及其成本优化  

Electric Taxi Charging Pile Rental Model and Cost Optimization

作　　者：徐佳[1] 张毅铭 陈文斌 俞欣仕 XU Jia;ZHANG Yiming;CHEN Wenbin;YU Xinshi(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Securityand Intelligent Processing,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210003,China)

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学江苏省大数据安全与智能处理重点实验室,南京210003

出　　处：《计算机科学》2025年第3期366-376,共11页Computer Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62372249,62072254,62272237)。

摘　　要：近年来,家用电动汽车激增,电动出租车需要与家用电动汽车竞争使用公共充电桩,降低了其充电效率。为此,提出了一种面向电动出租车的充电桩租借模式,通过租借分布广泛的公共充电桩作为临时专用充电桩来满足出租车的充电需求。该模式能降低充电桩建设成本,为电动出租车提供优先充电服务,缓解电动出租车与家用电动汽车的充电竞争。提出了两种电动出租车充电桩租借成本模型。首先,形式化了以最小化总充电成本为目标的基于任务数的充电分配问题,提出了基于任务数的充电分配算法,并从理论上证明了算法的近似度。进一步地,形式化了基于充电完成时间的充电分配问题,并提出了基于充电完成时间的充电分配算法。基于真实数据集的仿真结果表明,与基准算法相比,基于任务数的充电分配算法最多可以减少16.15%的充电成本,基于充电完成时间的充电分配算法最多可以减少17.49%的充电成本。In recent years,the proliferation of private electric vehicles has largely increased the competition for public charging stations between electric taxis and private electric vehicles,consequently decreasing the charging efficiency of electric taxis.This paper proposes the electric taxi charging pile rental mode,which can meet the taxis charging demand by renting widely distributed public charging piles as temporary exclusive charging piles.This charging model can reduce the construction cost of charging stations,offer priority charging services for electric taxis and mitigate the charging competition between electric taxis and private electric vehicles.This paper proposes two charging rental cost models for electric taxis.We first formalize the task number based charging allocation(NCA)problem with the objective of minimizing total charging cost.We present a task number-based charging allocation algorithm(NCAA)and provide its approximation.Furthermore,we formalize task finishing time based charging allocation(TCA)problem and proposes the task finishing time based charging allocation algorithm(TCAA).The simulation results based on real data sets show that,compared with the baseline algorithms,NCAA and TCAA can reduce the total charging cost at most by 16.15% and 17.49%,respectively.

关 键 词：电动出租车 充电桩租借 租借价格 充电成本 设施选址问题 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]