沿淮流域集约化稻田清洁生产技术及减排效果  

Clean production technology and emission reduction effect of intensive rice field along Huai River Basin

作　　者：王瑜 雷秋良[3] 朱新萍[2] 张怡雯晨 地力米热·木塔力甫 潘凯丽 华玲玲 刘云 WANG Yu;LEI Qiuliang;ZHU Xinping;ZHANG Yiwenchen;MU TA LI FU Dilimire;PAN Kaili;HUA Lingling;LIU Yun(Yingshang Agricultural Green Development Promotion Center,Anhui Fuyang 23600,China;Key Laboratory for Northern Urban Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;Key Laboratory of Non-Point Source Pollution Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Shandong Polytechnic University,Shandong Jinan 250200,China)

机构地区：[1]颍上县农业绿色发展推进中心,安徽阜阳236000 [2]北京农学院/农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京102206 [3]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,农业农村部面源污染控制重点实验室,北京100081 [4]山东工程职业技术大学,济南250200

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2025年第1期13-18,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：沿淮集约化稻田清洁生产技术开放课题研究(20230130);北京农学院青年教师科研创新能力提升计划(QJKC2022020);北京市教育委员会科研计划项目(KM202310020011);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(自由探索类基础研究)(246Z3607G);都市农林学新兴交叉学科平台建设项目。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选出适宜沿淮流域集约化稻田可推行的清洁生产技术。【方法】以沿淮流域集约化稻田为研究对象,通过统计数据和文献数据调研,借助Meta分析等手段,研究典型稻田清洁生产技术对氮、磷径流流失减排效果。【结果】节水灌溉技术对稻田氮、磷径流流失减排潜力最大,减排比例分别平均高达37.6%、43.4%,其次是新型缓控释肥替代和化肥减施技术,有机肥替代技术虽然对稻田氮径流流失减排有一定的作用,但也会增加稻田磷径流流失风险。此外,秸秆还田对径流氮、磷的削减范围在2%~26%、5%~12%之间,沟渠对径流氮、磷的削减比例分布在11.1%~66.0%、9.1%~75.0%。【结论】优化施肥、节水灌溉、秸秆还田和沟渠均可减少氮、磷径流流失,有机肥替代技术可减少氮径流流失,且存在磷素的径流流失风险增加的问题。[Objective]To screen out suitable cleaner production technology for intensive rice fields along Huai River basin.[Methods]Taking intensive rice fields along the Huai River Basin as the research object,this paper studied the emission reduction effect of typical rice field cleaner production technology on nitrogen and phosphorus runoff by means of statistical data and literature data investigation and meta-analysis.[Results]Water-saving irrigation technology has the greatest potential to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus runoff in paddy fields,with an average reduction ratio of 37.6%and 43.4%,respectively,followed by new slow release fertilizer replacement technology and fertilizer reduction technology.Although organic fertilizer replacement technology has a certain effect on nitrogen runoff reduction in paddy fields,it will also increase the risk of phosphorus runoff loss in paddy fields.In addition,the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus in runoff by straw returning ranged from 2%-26%and 5%-12%,and the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus in runoff by ditches ranged from 11.1%-66.0%and 9.1%-75.0%.[Conclusion]Optimal fertilization,water-saving irrigation,straw returning to field and ditches can reduce the runoff loss of nitrogen and phosphorus.Organic fertilizer replacement technology can reduce the runoff loss of nitrogen,and there is a problem of increased risk of runoff loss of phosphorus.

关 键 词：集约化稻田 清洁生产 沿淮流域 农业面源污染 减排效果 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]